Opposing Models in Health Promotion

Opposing Models in Health Promotion HND Health, Diet Nutritional Studies – Unit Four INTRODUCTION Health promotion is provided by various organisations working together towards the same goal – overall health and wellbeing for everyone. It aims to prevent and reduce the risk of disease, manage illness, recovery and rehabilitation. Its objectives are to involve the public in their own quest for a healthier life through education and awareness, to improve services, support and continuity of care and provide a safe environment for people to live and work in with equal opportunities giving everyone the means to achieve, wherever possible, optimum health. We know children learn from parents and teachers but if parents fail to educate their children to make healthy choices at home in an informal setting, even if teachers do so to a preset curriculum in a formal setting, it may not happen. I recall a report on a TV news channel some years ago where Jaime Oliver introduced healthy meals in schools but the parents were against the idea so they squeezed Macdonald’s burgers to them through the school fence at lunchtime because that is the type of food they had grown to know. In social learning theory Albert Bandura suggests â€Å"behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning† (Bandura A. (1977)), we all know this to be true. Children often refuse vegetables etc when they are young but perseverance is a necessity if they are to receive the nutrients they require for a healthy, disease free life. According to the BBC Breakfast news this morning (31.05.14) researchers say that if a variety of foods are introduced to a child from a very early age and it is repeated at least ten times the child will grow up liking that particular food. Another story that springs to mind was when a friend’s husband claimed to be vegetarian, in reality as a child he could not be bothered to chew meat but his parents gave in to him and let him have what he wanted so his meals consisted mainly of egg and chips. How is it possible to teach children right from wrong when parents act this way?† The answer must be to educate them as well?† Health education and promotion requires repeatedly conveying the message to those at risk, through media advertising, health and welfare campaigns and organised frameworks to promote change. No smoking zones, for example, takes away the freedom to participate in harmful actions in public places making people stop and think about what they are doing to themselves and others. If people understand the consequences of their actions and believe that the changes will make a difference to them and those around them they are more likely to change their habits which in turn will reduce the associated social and economic costs. Making these practices illegal may sound like the individuals rights, liberty and freedom of movement are being taken away however the rights of their â€Å"victims† are of equal importance and it would be unethical for them to have to suffer as a consequence of another’s ignorance or selfishness e.g. second hand smoke or the cost of medical treatment for the driver of the vehicle injured as a result of an accident where he was not wearing a seatbelt. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION Researchers are constantly gathering information, from population surveys and health statistics etc, about people’s habits and behaviour, the environment they live in and how it affects them, their attitudes, where specific incidences are occurring, to whom and how often, they do not however, include ideas, opinions or the observations of the individual. This is known as quantitative research as it is deals with quantity i.e. the number of individuals affected and the causes contributing to health problems. Once collected the data can be divided into smaller categories e.g. demographic, lifestyle, education, ethnicity etc then used to identify where health promotion needs to be directed. This is an ongoing evaluation method with set criteria allowing statistical analysis and dissemination of informative data regarding the adequacy of service provision, number of incidences of certain diseases or where new trends are manifesting etc. and gives a â€Å"flavour† of a given situation at any one time. Other researchers gather data from healthcare facilities and charity organisations etc based on one to one or small group contact where people and things can be observed and where changes can be made, if necessary, to try to reach the desired outcome, this is known as qualitative data. Hospital wards, clinical trials etc record the effect and outcome of â€Å"tests†, their aim is to research holistically allowing results to be seen and patterns evaluated in the short term. Once the outcome of qualitative research has been determined the results can be built upon to further improve i.e. one thing can lead to another or the what if scenario, it has been seen where researchers look for a cure for one thing then stumble across another. Both these types of research are valuable in different ways e.g. for comparison or effect but can often be used together however, one important consideration before carrying out any research is that the researcher is competent in what his is aiming to achieve, that research will be carried out under a strict code of ethics and follows the legal guidelines laid down by the relevant authorities e.g. ensuring that there is no danger to the patient, he is fully informed about what to expect and that he is informed as to how the data will be utilised etc. HEALTH MODELS Individual Models By showing people the detrimental effects of unhealthy lifestyles versus the benefits of healthy lifestyles it is possible to change their views. They have to go through what is known as the â€Å"Stages of Change† (Prochaska J.O. DiClemente C.C. (1983)) whereby the individual has no wish or interest in changing (pre-contemplation) until an idea is sown in his mind, he begins to think about how he would benefit from change and realises the sense of it so decides to try (contemplation) he puts a plan into place (preparation). Day one arrives and he discontinues the habit (action), he is enthusiastic, he begins to see and feel the benefits encouraging him to continue (maintenance). At some stage he may falter so seeks help and support from others to keep him motivated during the difficult times. Intervention like this can come from many sources, often depending on the circumstances e.g. smokers decide they want to quit so they visit their local GP who prescribes a course of nic otine patches, he suggests contacting a local support group where individuals, who understand and have experienced the same situation, can advise and help him reach his goal and help prevent relapse, once a person sees that success is possible he will be motivated to continue. Some of the barriers encountered in changing behavioural habits are down to individual beliefs. If someone believes he is insusceptible to a particular disease, perhaps because no family member has been affected by it he is unlikely to feel threatened but if he sees a family member suffering he is more likely to want to avoid the disease himself. On the other hand, he sees someone living with a disease who looks fine he may do nothing, this could be because he may not fully understand or believe the severity of the disease to worry about it, but when that person dies he realises the implications and decides to take preventative action because he sees living longer is better than the alternative. Again the person may require help and support to maintain the new regime because without any visible signs it can seem pointless. Both of these models are similar in that they happen in stages, from pre-contemplation through to maintaining change, often without actually â€Å"seeing† immediate benefits and this is where continued reinforcement of the message is necessary. Individual and group methods are both effective ways for promoting health whether they are in supporting e.g. helping to overcome barriers and providing feedback or educating roles e.g. explaining and influencing ways to change behaviour but the main point is that the person must want to and believe he can change otherwise he will always find reasons not to try. Social and Community Models Promoting health in groups and communities relies on the collaboration of individuals to work towards the same goals within their particular environments where they can prepare for and react to situations that affect them all e.g. the recent flooding on the Somerset Levels brought everyone together to help strengthen barriers and limit damage to themselves and their properties. Their situation encompassed the social learning theory in that personal and environmental factors led to interaction by everyone affected to prevent further disaster and they came together on a community level to evaluate and plan effective strategies to solve and improve their situation. Together they organised themselves and put forward their ideas to government bodies responsible for keeping them safe and demanded policy changes to help prevent similar situations in the future along with financial funding for their loss of businesses and income. No single model or theory is better or worse it depends entirely on the particular situation e.g. the thoughts, feelings and beliefs of individuals or the structure, regulations and policies that exist in groups, organisations or communities. There are many other methods for communities and organisations to support, educate and effect positive change e.g. mother and toddler groups, wellness centres, school and workplace participation programmes, social networking etc. where peer and professional knowledge can be exchanged and support provided. CONCLUSION Many years may pass before we can confirm whether health education and promotion has helped us reach our goals because the outcomes will not be immediately apparent e.g. mortality rates due to obesity or the recent flood disasters however, we can measure if our objectives are being met through quantifying whether people have learned from the messages being conveyed by e.g. evaluating their lifestyle changes; are there fewer deaths due to heart attack or stroke? Are people safe in their environment? Has public policy changed to address the floodwater problem so that lives or property are not again put at risk in the event of heavy rains and have the measures proved satisfactory? We must carryon educating people about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, continue research and development and anticipate future problems in order to reduce these leeches on our society and utilise the funding in a better more rewarding way. TASK 2 INTRODUCTION Health education and promotion helps people to take control of and improve their own health and wellbeing. The idea is to teach people how to prevent disease and make improvements to attain that (primary level), to understand and manage current illnesses and aid recovery and rehabilitation (secondary level) and in the case of the terminally ill to help them and their families cope with the illness and provide counselling and care services that will alleviate some of the strain (tertiary level). Health education and promotion not only deals with illness but attempts to ensure that all factors relating to overall health and wellbeing are being achieved e.g. an end to poverty. Health education and promotion can be passed on formally or informally through a variety of sources e.g. schools, workplaces, NHS services, charities or voluntary organisations. HEALTH PROMOTION AND EDUCATION Teachers convey messages in a formal way by following a preset curriculum and involving students in the learning and practice with measured outcomes e.g. teaching children road safety. In the 1960’s The Society for the Prevention of Accidents â€Å"invented† a squirrel character, named Tufty, to help teach children road safety. It became so popular that there were 24,500 Tufty Clubs formed in the UK during that decade (http://www.rospa.com/about/history/tufty.aspx). Certificates and badges were awarded to children after they successfully completed the course, I will always remember the slogan (and the lesson) from those school days. A voluntary organisation known as Hope UK (http://www.hopeuk.org) train volunteers to educate and promote the dangers of drug, alcohol and smoking addiction to all ages. Their training techniques are planned to appeal to different ages of society so volunteers attend school assemblies or youth clubs to relay their message in a fun, interesting and interactive way while adults may be taught in an informative way highlighting signs and symptoms etc. followed by a QA session. Informing parents and teachers of the pitfalls of addictions, or whatever the subject may be, can strengthen the understanding of children and young people when they ask them informal questions. Sometimes it can work the other way e.g. if a child learns at school that smoking is bad for you and can affect other people he may then relay that message to a parent who is a smoker and this has been seen to make the parent stop to think about the damage it is doing to himself and his children and decide to give it up. Schools, workplaces and hospitals are all being encouraged to offer balanced, healthy meals in their eateries and introduce a variety of social activities to help people keep moving. I watched a television programme recently where they were testing a new invention where a school or office desk can be raised so that the operator can work alternately sitting or standing as sitting for long periods is known to be detrimental to health; research and innovation I believe it is called. It is becoming more and more fashionable nowadays to eat well and exercise more and a prime example of this is the number of sales Jamie Oliver has achieved with his books on 15 and 30 minute meals and his new one â€Å"Save with Jamie†, written in response to popular demand, which is aimed at eating healthily on a budget. We own two of these at home, we did not buy them because we do not know what to eat, but the inspiration and ideas they provide and the speed in which meals can be prepared as well as the pre-calculated nutritional balance has the hard work done for you. Celebrities are often advertising their exercise DVDs, endorsing exercise equipment and taking part in charity sporting events to encourage followers to take part. These are examples of health education and promotion aimed at prevention and improvement but there are people who are currently suffering and recovering from disease and illness who also need educating in its management and ways of reducing further risk. To do this we must ensure they are aware of how and why these diseases occur and what can be done to help them during its course while securing funding to enable further treatment research to help eliminate them altogether e.g. Cancer and Alcoholism. Most people will have seen the advertising campaigns for Drink Awareness and the fund raising campaign â€Å"Race for Life† (raceforlife.cancerresearchuk.org) held each year in support of Cancer Research UK. The NHS and many charities are continually drumming into people what signs and symptoms to regularly check for e.g. breast or testicular lumps or sexual dysfunction and advising them where to go for screening and advice, the sooner these signs are detected the better chance th ere is of survival. Practically every week of the year there is an awareness campaign for one or more disease or illness that can affect anyone. Terminally ill people will require care of some description as will their families who can also suffer indirectly due to the situation. Either of these parties may need to talk to someone about it, terminally ill people can become depressed while their families find it difficult to get through their lives due to the strain and heartache, just having someone to listen can help immensely. There are many organisations that can help e.g. The Macmillan Cancer Support (www.macmillan.org.uk) can arrange to give families a â€Å"holiday† from caring for their sick family member to providing assistance and support for the families themselves. Others may join an informal support group where they can discuss how their illness, or that of a family member, is affecting them, their fears for when they are gone or how their passing will affect their family, this can give a great deal of comfort and support as it is sharing the experiences with people who are in the same situation. CONCLUSION The fact that people’s habits are steadilly changing shows that health promotion is working however, there is a long way to go before everyone is â€Å"on board†. Changing the views of people still in the pre-contemplation stage is probably the most difficult hurdle to cross but on the same token the more people that change the more the others will begin to face it which might be enough itself so getting to as many as possible, whether formally or informally, can only do more good in the long run. REFERENCES Bandura A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. New York: General Learning Press. Prochaska J.O. DiClemente C.C. (1983). Stages and processes of self change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390 395. http://www.rospa.com/about/history/tufty.aspx Tufty Club (Online) (Accessed 25.06.14) (http://www.hopeuk.org) (Online) (Accessed 22.05.14) http://raceforlife.cancerresearchuk.org/index.html Race For Life Cancer Research UK(Online) (Accessed 22.05.14) http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Home.aspx We are Macmillan Cancer Support (Online) (Accesssed 24.05.14)

Entrepreneur Biography – Walt Disney

Kenneth Uy 500438690 Entrepreneur’s Biography – Walt Disney Childhood Walter Elias Disney, commonly referred to as Walt Disney, was born on December 5th, 1901 in Chicago, Illinois (Walt Disney Family Museum, 2012). His father Elias Disney was an Irish-Canadian and his mother, Flora Disney, was of German and English descent. His family settled in a village known as Norton Disney in the country of Lincolnshire at the time of birth (Disney, 2000). At the age of four, Disney and his family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, which is where he developed his love for drawing.At the time he paid a retired Doctor by the name of â€Å"Doc† Sherwood to produce images of his horse, Rupert. Later on his interest grew to train development in Marceline, specifically the Topeka and Santa Fe Railway where his uncle Michael Martin was the engineer (Disney, 2000). Four years later, the Disney’s moved to Kansas City where Walt Disney attended the Benton Grammar School. I n school Walt Disney met Walter Pfeiffer who introduced him to the world of vaudeville and motion pictures (Disney, 2000). He continued to emerge himself in art and filmography as he attended courses at the Kansas City Art Institute and went to Electric Park.Adulthood At age 22 Walt Disney left Kansas City and made his way into Hollywood regardless of his insufficient money and materials. With the help of his brother Roy Disney they were able to use their resources and construct a camera to film in their uncles garage. Shortly they received an order from New York to produce the film â€Å"Alice Comedy† and began production (IMDb, 2010). In 1925, Walt married Lillian Bounds, one of his employees, in Lewiston, Idaho and had two daughters named Diane and Sharon Disney (Disney, 2000).Three years had passed and the infamous Mickey Mouse was first portrayed in the silent cartoon â€Å"Plane Crazy† but made his debut in â€Å"Steamboat Willie† which is known as the wor ld’s first fully synchronized sound cartoon. The production Mickey Mouse was the first milestone that began Walt Disney’s progression (Disney, 2000). Soon after, he began the production of full-length animated cartoon that contributed his launch to succession. By the time 1955 had arrive the entire globe had been entertained by Walt Disney’s creations especially with his television programming like â€Å"The Mickey Mouse Club† â€Å"Zorro† and Wonderful World of Color†.On December 15, 1966 Walt Disney had died from Lung Cancer (WDFM, 2012). Education Walt Disney began his early education when he attended Benton Grammar School where he recognizes his ability to draw. Once the family moved to Chicago in 1917, Disney attended McKinley High School in his freshman year and took night courses at the Chicago Art Institute. He returned to Kansas City after a year to begin working as a graphic artist, therefore, Disney had a total of 9 years of formal education (Disney, 2000). Family Walt Disney had a father named Elias Disney and a mother named Flora Disney.He has three brothers Herbert, Raymond, Roy, and Walter. And a sister named Ruth Disney. When he married Lillian Bounds in 1925 they conceived a girl by the name of Diane Disney and adopted a girl named Sharon Disney (IMDb, 2010). Diane married Ron Miller who was former president and chief executive of Walt Disney Productions; and Sharon served as a member of Disney Board of Directors (Disney, 2000) Work Experience As a high school dropout in 1917, Walt Disney tried to join the army but was rejected at the age of 16 for being too young (IMDb, 2010).He then joined the Red Cross for a year as an ambulance driver. Upon his arrival back, he had difficulty finding work as an artist or even as an ambulance driver. He then found temporary work at an Art Studio creating advertisements for newspapers, magazines and movie theatres. He also met his first start-up partner Ubbe Iwerks. F inally, he worked for Kansas City Film Ad Company where he learned all about animation and decided to become an animator (Gabler, 2006). Past Startup Background Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists† was founded in January 1920 after Walt and Ubbe decided to start their own company (Gabler, 20006). Their company however was a failure and both started to work in animation at the Kansas City Film Ad Company. After learning all about animation, he pursued another start-up with another co-worker Fred Harman. This time he created an animation business and started screening cartoon’s titled â€Å"Laugh-O-Grams† in a local theatre. Following their success, Disney acquired Laugh-O-Gram studios, which soon went bankrupt due to Walt’s poor financial management.Later that year, Walt and his Brother Roy opened Disney Brothers’ Studio in Hollywood, California (WDFM, 2012). He then started selling his produced cartoons to a New York distributor that was a huge success . Everything was going well until Disney found out that his client had hired Walt’s animators under contract and took the rights to his most popular animated characters (Gabler, 2006). Motivation of Startup After losing everything, Walt and Ubbe decided to create another cartoon character now known as Mickey.After creating a series of short cartoons Mickey became the world’s most popular cartoon character in the 1930s. Walt created his first full-length animated musical feature in the production of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† which exceeded over $1,400,000 in profit (IMDb, 2010). Throughout 1937-1947 he continued to create full-length movies such as â€Å"Pinocchio†, â€Å"Fantasia†, â€Å"Dumbo†, and â€Å"Bambi†. Following his cartoon success, Walt thought it was possible to pursue his dream in creating a theme park and which is now Disneyland.After being rejected approximately 302 times (Cool Pup, 2012) for financing the park, he finally got approved and his venture would allow him to acquire ABC and open his second successful theme park, Disneyworld (JustDisney, 2003). The Walt Disney Company now has approximately 156,000 employees and had almost $41 billion in revenue the previous year (WDFM, 2012). Section 2 Stevenson’s Entrepreneurial Perspective on Walt Disney Note: This section pertains to Walt Disney while he had an influence on the Walt Disney Company until his death in 1966 and not the company at its current state.Strategic Orientation Strategic orientation is defined by Stevenson to be how one formulates strategy (2006). He mentions two styles: Promoter and Trustee and contrasts the two by describing the first as opportunity-driven and the latter as resource-driven. Walt Disney demonstrated many entrepreneurial traits throughout his animation business ventures. Even while working for other ad companies, he always ended up making his own company. I believe Walt Disney’s strat egic orientation strongly reflects that of a promoter.Walt always pursued opportunities in entertainment because while Walt was producing still-cartoons at a previous job, he saw a bigger opportunity in animation and continued to pursue such opportunities as shown in his many transitions in the industry. He then started making short-film cartoons leading him to open his own animation business and acquire a studio (Gabler, 2006). He then saw opportunities by creating full-length feature films and even in creating his own theme park. Stevenson also states that a promoter’s fundamental task is to require the resources to pursue the opportunity.Walt Disney never gave up on Disneyland and was rumored to have been rejected financing for the theme park over 300 times (Cool Pup, 2012) until he struck a deal with ABC who agreed to help finance the park (JustDisney, 2003). He achieved his task and was driven to succeed in his financing. Walt can also be justified as a promoter because he operates in an industry with diminishing opportunity streams. Before his cartoon Mickey Mouse became a famous icon, Walt Disney constantly produced new characters and films to build his company’s reputation. Commitment to OpportunityStevenson’s next concept is described as a person’s willingness to act (2006). Promoters are action-oriented and willing to act in short-time periods to chase their opportunities. He describes promoters to be action-oriented and have heavy involvement in risk management. Conversely, commitment for trustees is often time-consuming and usually takes a longer period of time. Through Walt’s journey we saw him deviate his concentration to many different forms of entertainment. He seemed to be involved with many cartoon characters until the creation of Mickey Mouse that lead to his huge success (IMDb, 2010).Walt’s ventures with his cartoons lead him to movies, television and the creation of the world’s most popular theme park. This revolutionary array of ventures reveals Disney’s commitment to opportunity as a promoter. He remained very action oriented in ensuring that he would follow through until his cartoons succeeded. As well, he was heavily involved in the risk management of his company because nobody was willing to invest in his Disneyland (JustDisney, 2003). He financed a lot of the park through the company and the other half through ABC and was determined to make the park succeed.With the park’s success, Disney had already made plans to commit construction for another one in Florida. His commitment to opportunity attributed largely to his company’s success. Commitment of Resources When it comes to the attainment of resources, Stevenson says that promoters go through many stages of resource commitment with the goal of minimizing resources (2006). On the other hand, trustees will commit upon a larger-scale after careful analysis and single stage commitment. In relati on to Walt, a lot of his projects underwent a series of funding.In his early career as an artist and animator, he had to find a distributor for all his productions (Gabler, 2006) since he could never totally finance his business unless he was selling cartoons. Even after the company’s success and Walter won his first academy award for his creation of Mickey Mouse, when the company transitioned to make its first feature-length film â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† the studio ran out of money (Gabler, 2006). Since there were no formal venture capitalist groups at the time, the only way Walt could raise money was through loans.Eventually the movie would become the largest grossing film of the year (IMDb, 2010). The company went through many stages of funding to finance its various other projects. Similar to Snow White, Disneyland was funded in a similar manner where Walter would seek another loan to cover the costs of creating Disneyland (JustDisney, 2003). His jour ney through the resource commitment process mirrors promoter behaviour because he only sought funding when he needed it at multiple stages. Due to unpredictable resource needs and varied studio costs from film development, from a financial perspective Disney’s company was very chaotic.Control of Resources The use of resources in an organization plays a pivotal role in determining a company’s success. Stevenson describes promoters to only be concerned with their ability to use a resource while trustees seek to control their resources by attaining full ownership (2006). When it comes to the animation business, ownership plays a key role in everyday operations. When Disney lost the rights to one of his most successful characters â€Å"Felix the Cat† (Gabler, 2006), Walt found himself at a standstill.From that moment onward, Walt made sure to maintain full ownership on all his company’s future productions in order to preserve his business and avoid future leg al conflicts. Due to the nature of the business, Walt relied heavily on his staff and had to employ full-time animators who could consistently produce the high quality entertainment the company was known for. As well, in order to make Disneyland and Disneyworld, the company needed to purchase large amounts of land (Gabler, 2006).A promoter style of management does not suit the Walt Disney Company for this section because Walt himself influenced so much of the company and could only have done so through ownership of all his resources. Therefore, Mr. Disney favored the administrative domain because of factors such as power and coordination. Having complete ownership and influence was essential to Disney in order to make sure his vision became a reality. His coordination was also important because it ensured he could take action without further approval from other partners.Management Structures Stevenson’s views on management place relationships at the core of every structure. P romoters rely on receiving valuable information for key actors while trustees rely on formal relationships within the company based on detailed rights and responsibilities. Trustee management is the only applicable management structure for the Walt Disney Company (2006). He states, â€Å"Only in systems where the relationship with resources is based on ownership or employment can resources be organized in a hierarchy† (Stevenson, 2006).With the company’s heavy emphasis on ownership on its productions and land as previously addressed, it is only appropriate that structure is required to delegate roles and responsibilities within the company. Walt’s company demonstrated many things that favour trustee management, the first being the need for clearly defined authority and responsibility and the next to be organizational culture. As the company increased in size, in order to ensure Walt could influence every level of management, there needed to be a formalized hiera rchy common in many large corporations.Walt worked closely with his animators to ensure the company’s productions were under his direct approval (Gabler, 2006). Operating a large company also requires organizational culture because work needs to be formulated into a routine for employees to work within. Reward Philosophy When it comes to rewarding an organization’s employees, Stevenson finds that promoters reward employees based on their contribution and harvesting of value (2006). Investors and owners of the business want to generate returns to ensure they get their money back.Since performance is crucial in determining the success or failure of a start-up, key employees who help generate this value are usually rewarded on their performance. Trustee style management differs because compensation is usually pre-determined because of assigned responsibilities with the exception of small bonuses and promotions (Stevenson, 2006). Walt Disney maintained promoter behaviour b ecause a lot of his employees such as the staff at his studio were hired on salary with bonuses of 20% of profits for the short cartoons (Hill, 2004).At the time, Disney was considered to have the highest paid workers with the best working conditions. Disney embodied the promoter style of management because of factors such as individual expectations and competition. After the success of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs†, Walt was known to have made â€Å"salary adjustments† to animators who he felt did exceptional work (Hill, 2004). As well, Disney strategically offered the best wages and working conditions in order to maintain its talent and attract more talent in a highly competitive industry. Section 3Recommendations for Walt Disney and The Walt Disney Company It is hard make comments and recommendations for one of the greatest and most ambitious entrepreneurs of all time but there a few things I would like to address in areas where I feel could have been handl ed differently. Although Disney operated in a completely different time period of more than 50 years ago, I will do my best to acknowledge the time period and his situation. 1. During the release of his first feature film â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† and his change to the reward policy, the strike of his whole nimation staff could have put his business into financial hardship. In order to avoid situations like these, Disney should have reported or at the very least consulted with HR professionals on a better payment plan to reward employees during successful productions, and also support employees adequately through financial hardship as experienced in World War 2. Because his employees are crucial to the operation of the business, risky financial moves can have extreme and immediate effects on the company’s future. 2. The company found itself out of funds several times due to poor financial management.As previously mentioned, the company went bankrupt during the production of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† and it also did not have enough funds to complete Disneyland on its own. Although the company succeeded in both ventures, I believe that Walt Disney was poor at managing the company’s funds. In his earliest of animation days, his Laugh-O-Gram studios also went bankrupt as a result of overpaying his employees. He also tried to negotiate a price increase on his contract that actually resulted in termination of the contract, the loss of his production â€Å"Alice Comedies† and even most of his animation staff.He again was close to bankrupt and might have stayed that way had it not been for the creation his iconic â€Å"Mickey Mouse†. I believe that if there were a person with more financial experience and knowledge similar to the modern day equivalent to a Chief Financial Officer, he would have not reached such plateaus. As well if he had stronger legal advisors, he could have probably earned the righ ts back to his character and staff or at least won a settlement.While CFOs and law firms aren’t as readily available back then as they were today, I believe one thing that Disney lacked was his ability to have a reliable and knowledgeable management team that could have saved him a lot of hardship. Walt Disney is a remarkable man whose life work influenced the way people viewed imagination. His life dedication to providing entertainment was what helped him reach an entrepreneurial pinnacle. Arising from all failures and demonstrating a life committed to fulfilling his life goals lead him to be one of the most influential entrepreneurs of all time.References Cool Pup. (2012). Disneyland. In  Daily Celebrations. Retrieved November 5, 2012, from http://www. dailycelebrations. com/071799. htm Gabler, N. (2006). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. IMDb. (2010). Walt Disney Biography. In  IMDb. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0000 370/bio Hill, J. (2004, June). Another look backat the 1941 Disney Studio Strike. In  Jim Hill Media. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://jimhillmedia. com/alumni1/b/wade_sampson/archive/2004/06/07/1204. aspx#. UJqz-Gl25YQ JustDisney. 2003). Disneyland's History. In  Disneyland History. Retrieved November 7, 2012, from http://www. justdisney. com/disneyland/history. html Stevenson, H. H. (2006, April 13). A Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Harvard Business School,  9(131), 1-12. The Walt Disney Family Museum. (2012). About Walt Disney. In  Timeline. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://www. waltdisney. com/timeline#41 Walt Disney. (2000). In  Walt Disney Biography. Retrieved November 5, 2012, from http://www. norsknettskole. no/fag/ressurser/itstud/fuv/gunnargrodal/bio. htm

Comparison Topics for Essay Ideas

Comparison Topics for Essay Ideas Comparison Topics for Essay at a Glance It is possible to also order a fully written compare and contrast essay and alleviate the quantity of work you must do. By browsing compare and contrast essay examples, an individual can observe that a regular assignment is made up of 3 sections that have an introduction, discussion of your principal concept, the particular issues to study. In the introduction paragraph, mention your thesis statement plus a succinct explanation of the most important topic you will explore. It is very important to choose a minumum of one example and produce a paragraph with the counter-argument also. List the focal points that you should compare in your essay following a particular pattern. So now you are aware of how to pick the best compare and contrast topics and the various segments you require to address when writing. Often, based on the demands of the essay, you'll be wiser to pick topics in which much information is easy to get. Most themes will require some particular expertise, meaning that the search for facts and statistics and extra details will take much moment. When you're doing your research, remember to can analyze and organize the details properly. Once you establish the comparison items you needs to do some suitable research in order to have sufficient info on both to be in a position to do an appropriate comparison. Key Pieces of Comparison Topics for Essay The above mentioned compare and contrast essay topics are just a couple of the numerous topics it is possible to decide to talk about in your essay. Before starting to compose an essay, it's very im portant first to comprehend what it is about. Conclusion The conclusion is intended to provide the reader a summary of the essay. You must be very careful as you opt for a compare and contrast essay. Comparative essays are a breeze to write. A Conclusion is the previous area of the essay that summarizes the evidence and each of the principal points. Comparison Topics for Essay at a Glance You must find a good deal of resources to use to reveal the entire picture of the issue, and the structure of an essay needs to be well planned. You have to take one particular point at one time in every paragraph. If you've made an appropriate choice with selected topic, the full work procedure would be clear, simple, and convenient. In case you're supplied a topic, your task becomes a little less complicated because, dependent on this, it is easy to find comparable facets. What to Expect From Comparison Topics for Essay? When you compose an essay on moral topics, describe the issue from various points of view, showing either side of the exact same problem. Finding the perfect topic isn't the hardest job in the planet, all you need to do is to take a few factors under consideration. There is a range of interesting compare and contrast essay topics you may pick from you can describe laws you want to create, to offer you some adjustments to already existing laws, or to suggest to cancel a law which you don't like for certain explanations. Some topics might have a connection to the law for instance, death penalty or abortion legalization. Mention similarities and the way both ideas differ. Maintaining the important points of dissimilarities and similarities related to the essay topic can help you discuss things in a better method in the last copy. For example an individual may pick a topic like, life in the shoes of a werewolf. Frequent themes are alike. Since you may see, the topics are broken up into multiple categories so it would be simpler that you select one. You may use the suggested topics as inspiration for your own, or you could simply decide to write about one you enjoy the most. Before you begin, it's vital to choose topics that you truly kno w well. It's needless to mention your topics ought to be precise and on point. You see that it's an unusual topic which may be quite tough to imagine or explain, but some students might just turn that topic into a masterpiece. Whenever your teacher does not provide you exemplification essay topics, you always have the option to attempt employing a number of the topics on the next list.1. When you've got an interest in the topic matter, it again often makes your work much easier as you're motivated by the info you're studying. You must present your topic, naturally, and also your thesis statement that has the function of indicating to your readers what is the probable path of the full work. Keep in mind, make certain you do your research, and go at your own pace writing.

The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay

Problem: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) leaves coverage gaps for millions of Americans. The ACA focuses on individuals without insurance, but in the meantime, increases the spread in those underinsured. Before the ACA the number of adults underinsured age 19-64 in 2010 was, 16 percent, or 29 million (The New Health Care). New estimates in 2014 indicate that 23 percent of adults 19-64 who were insured, or 31 million, had such high out-of-pocket costs or deductibles relative to their incomes that they were underinsured (The Problem of Underinsurance). â€Å"The share of continuously insured adults with high deductibles has tripled, rising from 3 percent in 2003 to 11 percent in 2014. Half (51%) of underinsured adults reported problems with medical bills or debt and more than two of five (44%) reported not getting needed care because of cost† (The Problem of Underinsurance). The goals of the ACA are accessibility and affordability to healthcare coverage and treatment, so why has the number of underinsured increased? Landscape: The marketplace plans available through the ACA or Obamacare programs are divided into four levels: bronze, silver, gold, and platinum. The bronze plan being the most affordable, with the least coverage, and the platinum plans being the least affordable, with the most coverage. The number of underinsured has increased due to this division in health coverage. However, the number of individuals who are uninsured has deceased, because theseShow MoreRelatedThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1057 Words   |  5 PagesMaureen Omondi Patrick Gilbert Govt 2305 5 February 2015 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The Patient Protection and Affordable care Act also known as Affordable Care Act, Obama Care and ACA is an act signed into law by the current president of the United States, Barack Obama in March 23, 2010. Beginning in 2014, any failure to purchase minimum coverage will result in a person being fined. Also included in the Act are individual mandate requirements, expanding public programs, healthRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act In this paper I plan to discuss an increasingly difficult topic of The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. I will go over the basics of the act including who founded it, when, what it states as well as what its purpose is. I will also discuss the nine titles of the Affordable Care Act. I will then go over how four of the nine titles have affected how nurses provide care. I will finalize my paper by reflecting upon what I have learned from theRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesUnderserved Communities: PPACA Tashia Lee Health/Public Policy (HLTH225-1604A-01) Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was designed to expand insurance coverage for all of those that are uninsured. Also the Act was put into place to reduce the cost of health care. The morbidity and mortality rates in the United States have decreased since the Act was in place in 2010. The Act is also helping the goals of Healthy People 2020 that was implemented, but there is still more improvementsRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act858 Words   |  4 PagesComprehensive Health Reform: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care act Ken Davis February 13, 2016 PADM 550 –BO2- LUO Dr. Tory Weaver Defining the Problem The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA)is a highly complex and multifaceted policy in addition to being political controversial. Changes made to the law by subsequent legislation, focuses on provisions to expand coverage, control health care costs, and improve health care delivery system. Some changes requireRead MorePatient Protection And Affordable Care Act1104 Words   |  5 PagesPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) What the Act Offers The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act offers many healthcare benefits to a diverse group of American citizens. However, there are a few downsides as well. The major portions of the act deal with four primary issues: 1. Increasing the health care coverage of patients with pre-existing conditions 2. Expanding access to health care insurance to over 30 million uninsured AmericansRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a highly controversial act of the United States government commonly referred to as ObamaCare. Designed to â€Å"ensure that all Americans have access to quality, affordable health care,† (Patient Protection) this bill has received a large amount of opposition for a variety of reasons, but it is also widely supported, therefore garnering it attention from interest groups. Many interest groups, including religious organizations, attempt to change laws andRead MorePatient Protection And Affordable Care Act1259 Words   |  6 Pages Maxcine Bakhshizad Mr. Todd Mod â€Å"H† Patient Protection Affordable Care Act Everest University What Is Affordable and What Isn’t? The healthcare industry in America has definitely changed over the last few decades. Our federal government has tried to mold and shape our country into a place where healthcare can be affordable for all families, not just the wealthy and those below the poverty line. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was created to bring about changes andRead MorePatient Protection with the Affordable Care Act1516 Words   |  6 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) commonly called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or ObamaCare is a federal statute of the United States signed by President Barack Obama on March 23rd, 2010. As the name suggests, the new health care law is made up of the Affordable Health care for America Act and the Patient Protection Act. It also includes amendment to other laws like Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. The main purpose of this complex legislation is to provide Americans with affordableRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act16 36 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Julie Pham and Serena Ellison University of Mississippi  Introduction The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) frequently known as â€Å"The Affordable Care Act† (ACA) or â€Å"Obamacare,† is the United States decree authorized into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010 (Group, 2014). The principle of the Affordable Care Act was to strengthen the quality and affordability of health insurance and decrease the uninsured tariffs by magnifying public and private insuranceRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act756 Words   |  4 PagesProblem Statement It has been almost six years since the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was enacted. Before the ObamaCare Act many people living in the United States didn’t have health insurance. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act include a long list of health-related provisions. Additionally, it supposed to extend coverage health insurance to many uninsured Americans (Obamacare, Web). Not all new government programs are perfect and the PPACA is no exception. Even The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay Occupational Therapy is a health, wellness and rehabilitation profession devoted to the development of performance and function across their lifetime so that individuals can live their life to the fullest. The holistic approach taken by occupational therapy practitioners is particularly effective in the areas of wellness, health promotion, and prevention. The practice of occupational therapy can take place in health care and education settings, and in community based agencies and organizations. The timing is excellent for occupational therapy in the area of wellness and prevention. Occupational Therapy practitioners administer habilitation and rehabilitation services, which are among the fundamentals health benefits of the Affordable Care Act. In addition, occupational therapy’s holistic approach correlates the ACA’s focus on wellness and prevention. By focusing on wellness, managing chronic, improving function, and supporting independence, occupational therapy practiti oners can assist the interprofessional leading care team enhance outcomes while reducing costs. This paragraph states the role of an occupational therapist in Health Care Reform (www.aota.org). The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a policy of the Health Care Reform that was signed into law by President Obama in the year of 2010. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was created to increase access to health insurance, enhance the quality of health care, and decrease the growth ofShow MoreRelatedThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1057 Words   |  5 PagesMaureen Omondi Patrick Gilbert Govt 2305 5 February 2015 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The Patient Protection and Affordable care Act also known as Affordable Care Act, Obama Care and ACA is an act signed into law by the current president of the United States, Barack Obama in March 23, 2010. Beginning in 2014, any failure to purchase minimum coverage will result in a person being fined. Also included in the Act are individual mandate requirements, expanding public programs, healthRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act In this paper I plan to discuss an increasingly difficult topic of The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. I will go over the basics of the act including who founded it, when, what it states as well as what its purpose is. I will also discuss the nine titles of the Affordable Care Act. I will then go over how four of the nine titles have affected how nurses provide care. I will finalize my paper by reflecting upon what I have learned from theRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesUnderserved Communities: PPACA Tashia Lee Health/Public Policy (HLTH225-1604A-01) Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was designed to expand insurance coverage for all of those that are uninsured. Also the Act was put into place to reduce the cost of health care. The morbidity and mortality rates in the United States have decreased since the Act was in place in 2010. The Act is also helping the goals of Healthy People 2020 that was implemented, but there is still more improvementsRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act858 Words   |  4 PagesComprehensive Health Reform: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care act Ken Davis February 13, 2016 PADM 550 –BO2- LUO Dr. Tory Weaver Defining the Problem The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA)is a highly complex and multifaceted policy in addition to being political controversial. Changes made to the law by subsequent legislation, focuses on provisions to expand coverage, control health care costs, and improve health care delivery system. Some changes requireRead MorePatient Protection And Affordable Care Act1104 Words   |  5 PagesPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) What the Act Offers The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act offers many healthcare benefits to a diverse group of American citizens. However, there are a few downsides as well. The major portions of the act deal with four primary issues: 1. Increasing the health care coverage of patients with pre-existing conditions 2. Expanding access to health care insurance to over 30 million uninsured AmericansRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a highly controversial act of the United States government commonly referred to as ObamaCare. Designed to â€Å"ensure that all Americans have access to quality, affordable health care,† (Patient Protection) this bill has received a large amount of opposition for a variety of reasons, but it is also widely supported, therefore garnering it attention from interest groups. Many interest groups, including religious organizations, attempt to change laws andRead MorePatient Protection And Affordable Care Act1259 Words   |  6 Pages Maxcine Bakhshizad Mr. Todd Mod â€Å"H† Patient Protection Affordable Care Act Everest University What Is Affordable and What Isn’t? The healthcare industry in America has definitely changed over the last few decades. Our federal government has tried to mold and shape our country into a place where healthcare can be affordable for all families, not just the wealthy and those below the poverty line. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was created to bring about changes andRead MorePatient Protection with the Affordable Care Act1516 Words   |  6 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) commonly called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or ObamaCare is a federal statute of the United States signed by President Barack Obama on March 23rd, 2010. As the name suggests, the new health care law is made up of the Affordable Health care for America Act and the Patient Protection Act. It also includes amendment to other laws like Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. The main purpose of this complex legislation is to provide Americans with affordableRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act16 36 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Julie Pham and Serena Ellison University of Mississippi  Introduction The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) frequently known as â€Å"The Affordable Care Act† (ACA) or â€Å"Obamacare,† is the United States decree authorized into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010 (Group, 2014). The principle of the Affordable Care Act was to strengthen the quality and affordability of health insurance and decrease the uninsured tariffs by magnifying public and private insuranceRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act756 Words   |  4 PagesProblem Statement It has been almost six years since the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was enacted. Before the ObamaCare Act many people living in the United States didn’t have health insurance. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act include a long list of health-related provisions. Additionally, it supposed to extend coverage health insurance to many uninsured Americans (Obamacare, Web). Not all new government programs are perfect and the PPACA is no exception. Even