Abnormal Deviation in international exchange Essay Example for Free

Strange Deviation in worldwide trade Essay You are a Finance Manager at an organization in your city. Your organization buy products from worldwide markets. You are intending to purchase hardware worth AED55 million. You have chosen to set aside the organization some cash and you have proposed to check the swapping scale for 5 days at www.xe.com for the money of the nation where you need to purchase the gear. You figured out how to make sure about two citations from various providers from various nations utilizing various monetary standards. The hardware is required in January 2015. Transportation cost AED5 million and is paid in here to a UAE transportation organization. The parity sum ought to be utilized to buy the gear. The transportation of the hardware is consented to show up in UAE on the fifth of January 2015. It takes 3 days to fly the gear to UAE. Whatever buying you are arranging ought to be done progress of time to give space for moving the hardware. See progressively: Satirical exposition about medications The remote provider has consented to give you a citation for the hardware that is substantial for 7 days. You need to exploit the provided cost estimates. The Equipment is cited in both British pounds and in Euros. The Equipment is costing BP £860 000 and it is additionally cited in EUROâ‚ ¬ 1 090 000. You had a gathering with your CEO and you both consented to check the market execution of these two monetary standards and buy the hardware when it is giving you an upper hand. The Activities to do: Check the conversion standard for a time of 5 days and make a table of correlations of how much will be your Dh50m worth on every one of the five days in the two Euros and GB pounds. Pick the money you will use for your exchanges. [15 marks] Ascertain the amount it will cost the organization in Dirhams to purchase the hardware on the main day of observing the conversion scale. Clarify the effect of your activity. [15 marks] Compute the amount it will cost the organization in Dirhams to purchase the gear on the second day of checking the conversion scale. Clarify the effect of your activity. [15 marks] Figure the amount it will cost the organization in Dirhams to purchase the hardware on the third day of checking the conversion scale. Clarify the effect of your activity. [15 marks] Compute the amount it will cost the organization in Dirhams to purchase the hardware on the fourth day of observing the conversion scale. Clarify the effect of your activity. [15 marks] Compute the amount it will cost the organization in Dirhams to purchase the hardware on the fifth day of observing the conversion scale. Clarify the effect of your activity. [15 marks] Compose a report to help your choice for the exchange you have done. In your proposal plot what settles on your choice the best choice for the organization. Consider each day you were checking the monetary standards, as the day you settled on a choice and bought that hardware. Was that the best choice and why? [10 marks] Arrangement Table of examination Transformation of DH to GBP 1dh = 0.173796 GDP 50,000,000 Ãâ€"0.173796 GBP = 8,689,800 Transformation of DH to EURO 1DH = 0.221629 EURO 50,000,000 Ãâ€"0.221629 EURO = 11,081,450 change Days Value of EURO (+ 1.44) Change in esteem % change Value of POUND (+0.3885) Change in esteem % change 1 11,241,023 159,573 1.44 8,723,516 33,716 0.388 2 11,402,894 161,870 1.46 8,757,363 33,747 0.390 3 11,567,096 164,202 1.48 8,791,342 33,979 0.391 4 11,733,663 166,566 1.50 8,825,452 34,110 0.393 5 11,902,627 168,965 1.52 8,859,695 34,243 0.394 Will utilize EURO as my money in the exchanges. Cost of the types of gear on the principal day in DH. 101.44100 Ãâ€"1,090,000 = â‚ ¬ 1,105,696 1 DH = 0.221629 1,105,696 à · 0.221629 = DH 4,988,950. Effect The swapping scale make a positive effect in distinction in the cost of gear with an expansion of DH 75,300. Cost of the supplies on the second day in DH. Buys cost = â‚ ¬ 1,090,000 100 + 1.46% = 101.46% 101.46100 Ãâ€"1,090,000 =â‚ ¬ 1,105,914 1 DH = 0.221629 1,105,914 à · 0.221629 =DH 4,989,934 Effect The swapping scale make a positive effect in distinction in the cost of hardware with an expansion of DH 76,284. Cost of the gear on the third day in DH Buys cost = â‚ ¬ 1,090,000 101.48100 Ãâ€"1,090,000 =â‚ ¬ 1,106,132 1 DH = 0.221629 1,106,132 à · 0.221629 =DH 4,990,917 Effect The conversion standard make a positive effect in distinction in the cost of hardware with an expansion of DH 77, 267. Cost of the hardware on the fourth day in DH Buys cost = â‚ ¬ 1,090,000 101.50100 Ãâ€"1,090,000 =â‚ ¬ 1,106,350 1 DH = 0.221629 1,106,350 à · 0.221629 =DH 4,991,901 Effect The conversion scale make a positive effect in distinction in the cost of hardware with an expansion of DH 78,251. Cost of the gear on the fifth day in DH Buys cost = â‚ ¬ 1,090,000 101.52100 Ãâ€"1,090,000 =â‚ ¬ 1,106,568 1 DH = 0.221629 1,106,568 à · 0.221629 =DH 4,992,885 Effect The swapping scale make a positive effect in contrast in the cost of hardware with an expansion of DH 79,235. REPORT ON DECISION FOR TRANSACTION FOR PURCHASING EQUIPMENTS The above exchange was suitable since it has brought a decent examination between the conversion scale in the two citations AED/EURO. Discoveries It very well may be seen that by utilization of this exchange the fund supervisor can have the option to put something aside for the organization. The exchange of this hardware will take not exactly AED 50 millions End This technique is best utilized when doing official exchange for instance which government is included. Suggestion This sort of exchange ought to be energized since it help in settling the nation cash. We find that the impact of conversion standard carry on distinctively in the five days implying that in each a regular the money get an extra worth. It thus reinforces money. References The incomparable Soviet Encyclopidia, third version (1970 †1979)[emailprotected] The storm gathering, IncCassel Guster (DSecember 1918) â€Å"Abnormal Deviation in global exchange,† 28, No 112. The monetary diary. Pp.413 †415.UBS’S â€Å"prices and earnings† report. Source record

Corporate Social Responsibility with HIV / AIDS Drugs :: Social Responsibility Essays

â€Å"Each year, only three sicknesses slaughter 5.4 million individuals around the world. Jungle fever slaughters in any event one million, essentially in creating nations, with 90% of the passings in Africa. Tuberculosis causes 1.9 million passings a year, practically every one of them in creating nations, where protection from the five significant enemy of tubercular medications is spreading. A few 400,000 of the tuberculosis casualties are additionally HIV positive. The yearly loss of life for HIV/Aids is practically 2.5 million, with about 1.8 million packed in the Sub-Saharan Africa† The Times Higher 20/07/01 Survey the duties of the pharmaceutical organizations for giving ease medications to the needy individuals in the creating nations. There is no commonly acknowledged definition for corporate social duty (CSR), albeit different scholars have endeavored to infer one. One valuable definition is given by Archie Carroll (1979): ‘The social duty of business includes the monetary, legitimate, moral and optional desires that society has of associations at a given point in time’ Another definition is offered by Kok et al: ‘The commitment of the firm to utilize its assets in approaches to profit society, through submitted investment as a citizen, considering the general public everywhere and improving the government assistance of society everywhere free of direct gains of the company.’ An elective definition by Frederick et al (1988): ‘business and society are associated and exist together, with business utilizing society's assets and, thusly, satisfying financial needs and changing social objectives Thus, business and society are limited by a proportional implicit agreement which is viewed as the center thought of corporate social responsibility† These definitions epitomize the thought that business has a duty to society in general, beside the fundamental benefit amplifying thoughts directed by customary free-showcase hypothesis. in direct differentiate from the old style monetary feeling of expanding investor riches (Friedman, 1970) that it is a ‘fundamentally an incendiary doctrine’. In the pharmaceutical business has ia framework that produces tranquilizes in two classes. Class A would incorporate medications for conditions like

Answers To Your Questions

Answers To Your Questions Hi everyone, Im taking a short break from reading applications today to answer the many questions that have been showing up in my blog comments. Hope these answers help! Have a wonderful and safe thanksgiving. -B - Ron wrote: hey i miss the october test for the SAT because of the department here in India. so they arrange make up test in october 28th but i could attend it for that. now i got a problem in november test due to clash of my exam and i coulnt give it. in december i have my exam again for SAT. so i couldnt complete my test on time that had set up by the MIT. the latest for me to complete is on january test so pls advice how i could manage it. Take the January test and make sure to send your scores to MIT. It should be okay. - Michael Roberts wrote: I was wondering why MIT does not recognise Chemistry A-Level. I find this baffling. Also, as my final grades come out in August 2007 will MIT make a conditional offer i.e. I will need to get three As to gain entry to MIT. Im not sure of the answer to your first question, so Ill ask the international admissions guru. To answer your second question, well use your predicted scores to make our admissions decision. - J.J. Minkoff wrote: I gave my recommendation letter for social studies and English teachers to a teacher who no longer teaches at my school, and, as of today, he had not sent off the letter. Is this enough to invalidate my application? Definitely not. We will track it down if we need to. If it still appears to be missing, please try to have it faxed to our office (617) 258-8304. - 10 wrote: Ive heard rumors that current students can see their admissions files (teacher recs, admissions comments, etc). Is this true? Where do we go to see them? No, admissions comments are destroyed after decisions are made. You can see the top part of your admissions summary card which contains a bunch of data that you already know anyway. Pretty boring, but youre welcome to come check it out. - Shuja wrote: Is it ok if my MV Cal and Physics C grade reports are in by the end of January to mid-February? They are online classes, so it takes some time to process the reports. Also, can I send in a research paper I did? My buddy Evan 10 actually answered this one in the thread. He wrote: If youre applying EA, then the admissions staff arent expecting to see senior year grades at all, and if youre applying RA, mid-February should leave them with plenty of time to make an informed decision. As for the research paper, Matt talks about that in his entry on supplemental materials. Quick answer: we prefer summaries or abstracts to big papers. :-) - Ed wrote: I was just curious if MIT recieved the scores of the October SAT IIs. Also, though you dont set a cut off score, what is the average score of accepted students for the Math Level 2 or Physics Subject Test? First question: I think we have, but Im not 100% sure. Well definitely have them before we go into selection in December. Second question: Im honestly not sure. Ill ask Matt what he thinks about adding it to the stats page. - Kwan wrote: Um, my chemistry teacher wrote my letter without having looked at the MIT evaluation A form. Would her letter be fine, or should she remail another letter, this time with the MIT evaluation A form filled out and attached? Her letter should be fine, no worries. - Ying-Ying wrote: If parts of my application (like transcript) are lost in the mail or through whatever other catastrophes, will I be informed of my files incompleteness and allowed to send whatever is missing? We will track down any missing pieces that we need before reviewing an application. - Arash wrote: So are decisions going to be online in December? Im trying to figure out how heavy-duty I need my F5 key to be Our goal is to release decisions online at noon MIT-time (EST) on Saturday December 9th. Decisions will also be sent via postal mail around the same time. I wont be able to confirm 100% until were a bit farther along in the process, but Ill let you know if anything changes. - Anonymous wrote: Hi, I just found out that there was a form that needed to be filled out for the interview. Where might one find such a form? Im not sure; please check with the Educational Council office by writing to [emailprotected] - a1228w wrote: In my physics honors class last year, we only covered mechanics and waves; we never even mentioned EM. If MIT demands the SAT physics, will they consider my situation when looking at my score? Context is always considered. The key is to make sure we have the context! So make sure to mention this somewhere in your application, in question 14 perhaps. - Brandy wrote: Is it acceptable to substitute a humanities/social science/language teacher recommendation for a guidance counselor recommendation? We recognize that not all guidance counselors submit recommendations. If youd like to submit an additional recommendation you may, but its not necessary. - Worried Applicant wrote: I thought I had submitted my application a couple of minutes before midnight, but apparently when I checked the application today, the last line said that I submitted it Nov. 2, 2006. Does this mean I will be automatically deferred? Definitely not! If we really cared, wed just shut off the online app at exactly midnight. :-) Youre fine. - AnotherApplicant wrote: Im an applicant from Indonesia. If I had decided to send my application by mail, should I include my MyMIT account name inside so I can track it? What if my scores (SAT, TOEFL) arrived before my Part 1 applicaton? Will they be held or discarded? You will be able to track your application online whether you apply on paper or electronically. You dont need to do anything special to set it up, other than registering for a mymit account, which it sounds like youve already done. If your scores arrive before your application, a file will be started for you the order in which we receive things doesnt matter at all. - Reg wrote: If you guys do use the predicted grade to see if youre accepting people, whats gonna happen if they get worse than predicted? Like a predicted A applicant got a C or something. The MIT admissions site says we need 4 years of English. For people in the UK system, would that mean 4 years from Year 10? or from Year 7? What if we dont take English for A-levels, does it make us have only 2 years of English? And does taking very specialized courses in A-levels (like all sciences and maths) affect admissions in MIT, or any US university, since US has more emphasis on broad education? Wed look at that on a case-by-case basis. I wouldnt recommend getting a C, however, if your predicted score is an A. :-) MIT doesnt require anything for admission; the 4 years of English is a recommendation. We understand that there are exceptions, especially for international school systems which can be quite different. Courseloads that are heavy in science and math are definitely not a bad thing when applying to MIT, although I dont know enough to comment about other US colleges and universities. - Jacqueline wrote: I applied Early Action, and marked my physics subject test as the one I would like to use for my science. However, on a whim, I decided to also try at the chem and bio ones while I took my math one today. Will MIT admissions just consider my highest score? Yes, well receive all of your scores and only the highest will be considered. - Mike wrote: For the SATs, I took chem, math I, and math II today. On the app there was only room for two tests, so I marked math I, figuring itd be the higher score. After walking out of there I am not so sure. Since my scores are automatically sent, youll see that I took all three anyway, right? And scores are evalauated in context? Because I havent had chem since last year and I forgot a few things! Yes, same answer as the previous question. :-) - A Transfer Hopeful wrote: I am trying to gain transfer admission to MIT (transferring from a 2 year school). I have filled out all the transfer information but never took an SAT II. How important is this for a transfer student to have if I have already taken Physics III and Calc III? Will they look at the grades for these courses instead of looking at an SAT II score? Im not on the transfer admissions committee and I dont read transfer applications, so Im not the best guy to ask. But Id say yes, grades are most important, but you should still try to take the SAT II if you can. I dont think its too late. - Adam wrote: I took the October SAT I and just recently took the SAT II (November 4th). I just got my scores back from the SAT I, and they were way below what I was expecting based on my other test scores and classroom performance. I have a bad feeling now about the physics and chemistry portions of the SAT II as well, as they contained a lot of material I had never been taught, even despite taking all of my schools offered physics and chemistry classes. I was just wondering how much a couple of poor test scores will detract from my application It really depends on how poor they are and how they fit into the overall context of your application. Scores are important, but at the same time theyre one of many components considered when making an admissions decision. - srk wrote: hey im not able 2 log on 2 mymit or find my online app or find info about my interviewer please help. Youll need to write to our office at [emailprotected] for help with logging into mymit. - Leo wrote: If I graduate one or two years early and attend the local university (Univ of British Columbia), can I still apply as a freshman when I am in the normal age group? If you are simply taking classes there, you may still apply for freshman admission to MIT. If you have enrolled in a degree-seeking program, however, you will be considered a transfer applicant. - Rajko wrote: Are science olympiads (like International olympiad in Informatics, International Mathematic Olympiad, etc.) important when deciding whether will someone be admitted or not? International Olympiads are of course very impressive. That said, they are one of many things that can impress an admissions committee. :-) - Ruben wrote: When should the checks next to the evaluations and transcripts appear? At this point, if you have applied EA and are missing any evaluations, school report, etc., you should have them faxed to our office (617) 258-8304. - Kelly wrote: Should I be worried that my secondary school report isnt processed yet? My school says theyve sent it Please see above. - Anonymous wrote: Im curious, is the whole big envelope small envelope thing true, or just a myth? The package for admitted students will indeed be significantly larger than the deferred and denied letters. - Stephan wrote: Hi! Will you also review international transfer applications? Then you will read about me someday. I am from Germany and Im so excited about applying to MIT! Unfortunately I dont review any transfer applications, whether domestic or international. :-( - Anon wrote: My second quarter only ends in late january is that when i should send in my mid-year grade report? That is fine. - Edward wrote: Hello. Among those who give responses here, I think I must be a unique one. Because the purpose I came here is to make friends. Well,I am a freshman studying at DUT (Dalian University of Technology) China. MIT has been my dream since I was at middle school. And at the same time I think more communication with students abroad is necessary for us. So,can we make friends? My email address is [emailprotected] My major is Electronic information engineering English. Thank you. I love it when people use my blog to connect and make friendships around the country and the world. Hope you get some great pen-pals Edward. - Karen wrote: There used to be another girl that blogged. Anne, I think. She was Asian What happened to her? Anne is involved with many things at MIT and found that she simply didnt have enough time to keep up with her blog. - Arash wrote: You use a Mac? Im disappointed in you, Ben! ;) Any stats you can give us, like maybe a target date for when decisions will be released? Macs rule my world. Ive actually turned down job offers after finding out the offices were PC-based. There is simply no substitute for a Mac! :-) See answer above for decision release date info. - David wrote: How much are school grades considered for admission? The explanation of disciplinary action is supposed to be almost as long as the essay, can I use it for both? ;) Why is sec. 15 affirmation of accuracy under the Completely Optional heading on the pdf? Grades are probably the single most important factor in any decision. Fortunately (or unfortunately, depending how you look at it), most of our applicant pool has great grades, which is why admissions decisions are never driven by grades (or scores). - Jane wrote: Hi Ben, what do you think about the Jian Lis case against Princeton? I cant comment much on that because he applied to MIT last year and obviously I cant discuss any of our applicants, past or present. But Ill say this: from what I understand, the case depends heavily on numbers (scores/grades) to make its argument, which shows a woeful lack of understanding as to how decisions are actually made. Re-read this entry to see how numbers are used in our process (summary: grades/scores are very important but will never drive a final decision); that will hopefully help you to draw your own conclusions - Anu wrote: I already know my interviewer. Will this be a problem during my interviews, or do I need to try and set one up with someone else? Ive taken 3 college math courses so far and will have taken 4 by the time I graduate from high school. Would I still be able to get transfer credit for them even if I got credit for them on my high school transcript as well? I have official transcripts from the college, but I know some schools wont accept credit if my school gave me credit for it anyway, even if I didnt need it to graduate. Great question about the interviewer Im not sure what our policy is on that. Please write to [emailprotected] and explain your situation. Im also not sure about the credit question, but Ill inquire and edit this when I get an answer. - Anon wrote: I took my SATs and ACTs in october and subject tests in november, and asked that all the scores be sent to you guys. However, on my application tracker, they say they havent been received. should i panic? No, dont panic. We get them in bursts from the testing companies, sometimes only once a month. It should be fine by December when we go into selection. - A wrote: When do we get EA decisions? On December 9 if all goes according to plan. See above for details. - Anonymous wrote: When do Regular action applicants get to know ur decision? And the ones on the waiting list? When our tests on our complete course material are taken in jan which would be after ive sent in my application can we send our grade updates? Email it or mail an official report? And updates of other achievments? Its too early to predict RA decision release dates; the deadline to apply is still a month away! :-) I also have no idea if well go to the waiting list this year that depends on many factors. You can always send in updates, grades or otherwise, to [emailprotected] or via postal mail at the usual address. - I also want to publish some answers I gave on College Confidential here because I think theyre important. Can you find a quote from an adcom at an elite college saying that we do not distinguish between a 2400 and a 2250? No problem. In most cases we do not distinguish between a 2400 and a 2250. The exception would be a breakdown of 800/800/650 with the 650 being in math; obviously well consider if the 150 point difference is entirely in one of the three scores. But we dont distinguish between a 750 and an 800 on any single test. Period. even if one adcom at MIT says a 760 is the same as an 800, it is impossible to get the opinions of every adcom on the matter. Not true at least at MIT. Any of my colleagues would tell you the same thing, including the Dean, Marilee Jones. One of her favorite quotes is were looking for excellence, not perfection. And 750 is excellent. The directive from the top down is to use scores solely to measure our confidence in an applicants ability to thrive academically at MIT. A 7 at the beginning of any score makes us plenty confident assuming the rest of the app is solid. Even scores with a 6 at the beginning can be fine in many cases. Once youve demonstrated that you can thrive academically at MIT, its everything else that actually gets you admitted what you will bring to the community, whether youre a good match, etc. How these things correlate with the various graphs and curves of successful SAT scores that people like to publish and reference I couldnt tell you. This sort of hair splitting is certainly not on our minds when were deciding whether or not to admit someone.

Child Poverty Where Will They End Up - 934 Words

Child in Poverty, Where Will They End Up? A child in poverty can have negative and positive effects on their opportunity for social mobility, as oppose to a child that is born in a higher class. It is believed that if you are born into a poor family you will stay poor. It’s very hard to move up from your social status if you have very little to begin with. The effects that poverty has on a child’s opportunity are things like not being able to get a higher education, having and not having the motivation to strive for better opportunities because of situation their family is in, and will not have as many opportunities as a child born into a family of a higher social status. Children who live in poverty will not be living in the nicer neighborhoods. In result, they will not be attending the best schools. Many times the child does not seem ready for school. They lack the desire, or ability to comprehend the material. â€Å"Children from low-income families often do not rec eive the stimulation and do not learn the social skills required to prepare them for school.†(Brooks-Gunn, Duncan, Page 61) The best schools are most likely in the neighborhoods where there are less crimes and more money. Those kids have more opportunities available to them like computers, better quality books, and more qualified teachers. If you go to a school that does not have those resources, what are the chances of that child having a better social status than that of a kid who did? â€Å"More than 30 millionShow MoreRelatedchild poverty999 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Child poverty in the U.K Introduction Child poverty is becoming more of a big issue now more than ever in the U.K, with so many people unemployed and living on benefits. Children across the country are being deprived of basic living standards. The price of living is going up and it’s no wonder people are struggling to make ends meet. In my essay, I will talk about all aspects of how child poverty impacts greatly on children’s lives. I will talk about the effects poverty has on a child’s healthRead MorePoverty And Its Effects On Children985 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty doesn’t have preferences, it doesn’t choose people by race, religion, or age. Many people don’t see the effects poverty has on people or sometimes they don’t care but you should. What if you were put in the situation where you lost everything and weren’t able to recover. Now imagine this is your child. Many people put a generic face upon poverty. Usually they see the poor African American person, or t he old man who looks dirty, or even the woman who is selling her body just to buy a biteRead MoreChild Labour And Child Labor1600 Words   |  7 PagesChild Labor Issues There are children that suffer through child labor daily. Child labor is the use of children in a business or industry, usually illegal. â€Å"3 billion people around the world survive on $2.50 a day or less. And 2 billion people do not hold a bank account or have access to essential financial services† (â€Å"Living in Poverty†1). Children that are normally in labor come from a poor family that’s in need of money so badly that it comes down to selling their own children or puttingRead MoreThe Effects of Children Poverty in the UK Essay963 Words   |  4 Pageseffects of Children Poverty in the U.K Introduction â€Å"When I was young, poverty was so common that we didn’t know it had a name† a quote by Lyndon B. Johnson.(Brainy Quotes) We all have witnessed or experienced poverty in our lives whether we identify or not are not the points of my study. I want people to see the numbers do not lie and we have to help with this huge increase of poverty. Poverty affects families, groups and individuals especially the children where the UK is concerned.Read MoreWhat Is Child Poverty, Its Key Causes And Impacts?1054 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is child poverty, its key causes and impacts? When the average person, who lives in the UK, thinks about child poverty, the first picture, which comes to their mind is some extremely poor country in the middle of Africa, where families live to survive on a daily basis. Meanwhile, here, in the UK, nearly four million children, which makes 30 per cent of the whole child population, are living in poverty (End Child Poverty, 2014). Poverty is an important issue for whole of society, and it mayRead MoreChild Poverty1664 Words   |  7 PagesChild Poverty, Is there a Solution? Introduction Child Poverty has been an ongoing issue throughout the world for decades. Weve seen it become a problem dating back the great depression, World War I and World War II. Also the problem of child poverty is a huge concern in other ends of the world. In this paper I will talk to you about child poverty at a glance fallowed by poverty levels in different places. Lastly I will touch on the Illinois and Chicagos child poverty level. We allRead MoreWhat is child poverty, its causes and impacts? Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿What is child poverty, its causes and impacts? The word poverty means being poor. This means luck of capital in both income and wealth. However they also suffer from education and good health. Families and groups in the population can be said to be in poverty. However people who are in poverty will have fewer opportunities like others and less chance to participate in the community. Therefore we help those children by fundraising, to transform UK’S more vulnerable children. There are certain peopleRead MoreThe Effects Of Poverty On The United States1541 Words   |  7 Pages12/07/2015 Professor Sirkin The Effects of Poverty on Education For those who live in the United States, some do not see the correlation between poverty and its effects on people’s behavior to their academics. Poverty affects many students at a young age depending on the location they are in as it prevents underprivileged kids to seek higher education. However, with new opportunities [in effect], kids in poverty can have the same education as privileged kids. Poverty stricken students are disadvantagedRead MoreThe Children of this Nation are not Being Treated Equally1258 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1992, Ireland’s government signed up to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), which would lead some to believe that Ireland’s government is committed to ensuring that every child in Ireland gets the best chance possible in life. Unfortunately though this is not the case as each day in Ireland there are thousands of vulnerable children that are not having some of their basic needs met. Since 2009 the Childre n’s Rights Alliance publishes a report card each year that scrutinisesRead MorePoverty, Child Labor, And Child Hunger1628 Words   |  7 PagesThe social issues that are currently happening in today s society are children in poverty, child labor, and child hunger. Children in poverty is a typical social issue occurring in society today. â€Å"More than 16 million children in the United States – 22% of all children – live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level† (â€Å"National Center For Children In Poverty,† n.d.). The federal poverty level measures the amount of income a family takes in per year. It varies depending on the number

Factors Affecting the School Readiness of Public...

Chapter I The Problem and Its Setting Rationale Kindergarten marks the beginning of formal education. The child’s initial school experience can influence the way he feels and acts to future school activities. I will also affect the way he relates to other people and his environment for the rest of his life. Success or failure at this stage can affect his well-being, self-esteem, motivation and perspectives. Lack of kindergarten readiness may also lead to his being held back in the next grade level. School readiness is defined as the â€Å"ability to cope, learn, and achieve without undue stress†. In the Philippines public and private schooling begins with kindergarten, when a child is about 5 years old. Kindergarten is 3 to 4 hours a day or†¦show more content†¦Children need many types of language experiences which include being read with and also participation in family conversation. Storytelling, nursery rhyme and reading enrich the language experience. Parents must spend time with oral language activitie s for a strong foundation in reading and spelling (Graue.1992). There are several factors affecting the school readiness of public kindergarten pupils namely: maturation, relevance of materials and methods of instruction, emotional attitude, personal adjustment, social status and tribe. Other contributors to the readiness gap are environmental stress, family income, parents’ literacy, nutrition premature birth, health, early childcare, experiences, low birth weight and genetic endowment. Maturation affects the readiness of the kindergarteners because the child has not reach yet a sufficient stage of mental and physical development needed to perform school tasks characteristics of that particular grade level which entails a higher level of performance than that of which he has at the moment. Experiences determine the kindergarten readiness for learning. Exposure to environment and varied activities will help the child learn. Children learn from seeing, hearing, touching and th ese experiences will help the child get to know his environment better. To interpret reality, children must experience their surroundings through imagination and discovery. Rooted in the experience

Massage Therapy Proven Beneficial Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Massage can be used in assorted signifiers to excite and loosen up. Physical and psychological benefits have been used throughout history and are used to handle conditions. The curative touch has led to its usage as a holistic intervention. We will write a custom essay sample on Massage Therapy Proven Beneficial Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Massage is the use of superficial beds of musculus and connective tissue to advance relaxation and wellbeing. Massage involves moving on and pull stringsing the organic structure with force per unit area. The mark tissues include musculuss, sinews, ligaments, tegument, articulations and any other connective tissue every bit good as lymphatic vass or any variety meats of the GI system. There are over 80 different recognised massage modes and the most cited grounds for presenting massage as therapy have been client demand and sensed clinical effectivity. Rubing parts of the organic structure is a natural and natural manner to alleviate hurting and uncomfortableness. This inherent aptitude was likely led to most signifiers of massage. The first to be developed was the sense of touch and it is indispensable to our growing as human existences. Massage can be used to excite or loosen up. McDonald and Goldberg ( 1996:72-89 ) insist that throughout its history it has been used for both its physical and physiological benefits and is used to handle a scope of conditions from both emphasis and position related to concerns, abdominal, pelvic, musculus and back hurting either a consequence from specific hurts like falls, athleticss and auto accidents or merely general hurting. The curative touch has led to its usage as a holistic intervention, one that treats the organic structure and head as a whole. The word ‘massage ‘ is thought to be deprived either from the Arabic for ‘press quietly ‘ or from the Greek for ‘knead ‘ , massage interventions has been passed down through centuries for 1000s of old ages. In ancient China over five thousand old ages ago there was a system of massage and exercising in usage, it is about certain that most races used massage and exercising in one signifier or another dating as far back as the prehistoric ages of adult male. Peoples of ancient civilizations in Persia, Japan and Egypt practised the art of massage for decorative intents and besides found out that they all gained curative effects when they rubbed oils and aromas into their organic structure to fancify their tegument. Around 500BC the Grecian historian Herodotus applied exercisings and massage on the intervention of disease rules about the technique of rubbing that began to be formulated. Massage was directed off from the bosom and the force per unit area was varied during the intervention. It would get down with being soft and so it becomes deeper and quicker and ends easy. In the big metropoliss of Greece, acrobatic Centres were set up where pupils and philosophers could run into to discourse doctrine and attend talks while bathing and exerting at the same clip. Hippocrates, the male parent of medical specialty about 380BC truly merely used massage for the intervention of hurts and diseases, he found that it was more good if friction was done towards the bosom during the intervention although the circulatory system was non understood so. From his accent on force per unit area application he discovered the physiological effects of massage that are accepted today. During 130-200AD a celebrated phy sician during the Roman epoch called Galen experimented in physiology and discovered that arterias were filled with blood, non air as antecedently believed. He varied the way of massage and besides greatly believed in handling hurts and diseases with it. During the fifteenth, 16th and 17th centuries, Switzerland, France, Italy, Prussia and England produced several celebrated sawboness and doctors who began one time once more to utilize massage intervention for hurts and diseases. The old nomenclature of massage remained but new words were introduced such as force per unit area, working and uses. From the terminal of the 18th century a great resurgence in massage began. Many governments wrote and expounded their theories on the topic, one extremist advocated that massage should be performed with great force and they all had different thoughts about the nomenclature, force per unit area, rate, beat and any medium such as oil or pulverization that can be used, the place of the patient and the continuance of the intervention. In the early 19th century Peter Henry Ling of Sweden made the most dramatic part to rub down at this clip. His influence spread throughout Europe and America, he realised that it was of import to get certain cognition of anatomy and physiology before using massage interventions. He created a manner of intervention to advance wellness by increasing blood circulation and exciting the organic structure ‘s curative abilities. It is known that Ling ‘s greatest influence came from a Chinese friend who was a maestro of soldierly humanistic disciplines and Chinese Tui Na massage. A Dutch practician names Johan Georg Mezgar subsequently developed a decreased set of Ling ‘s techniques to organize our modern manner of Swedish massage ; it is Mezgar who adapted the Gallic names normally used to bespeak the basic shots. Doctor Mezgar helped to set up massage as a reputable agencies of intervention by ordering it widely and rehearsing it himself. In 1894 a group of adult females joined together to organize a society of trained masseuses in order to seek to raise the repute and criterion of massage in this state. Although massage in physical therapy had reached a high criterion it seemed as though there was an pressing demand to raise the criterion in the beauty industry. Harmonizing to Jenkins, Massage of kernel ( 2006 ) , the term holistic comes from the Grecian word ‘Holos ‘ which means whole. The holistic attack takes the individuals whole organic structure into history. The intervention takes an consequence on the organic structure originating from environment, psychological science and nutrition. Holistic massage dainties each individual separately in context of their ain life, it enables the individual to better and command their wellness, and it ever keeps the rule of handling the organic structure, head and psyche as one. Holistic massage is about looking at the causes of tenseness and working with the whole organic structure to assist reconstruct the whole organic structure ‘s natural interior balance. The attack with holistic massage is based around oil-based Swedish massage ( effleurage, petrissage and percussion ) Massage as a holistic intervention takes into consideration the physical, mental, religious and environmental fortunes of a individual having a massage intervention, this means that the intervention should be different for each individual. Massage benefits the organic structure because of the particular techniques it involves. The motions and steadfast force per unit area affect all systems in the organic structure, including soft tissues such as musculuss and ligaments and besides nervousnesss and secretory organs. When the force per unit area is applied in motions to your musculuss it is in melody with the natural flow of blood back to your heat. Massage is one of the best known counterpoisons for emphasis ; cut downing emphasis gives you more energy. It improves your mentality on life and reduces your likeliness of unwellness and hurt. It can besides alleviate symptoms of conditions that are aggravated by anxiousness. There are psychological and physiological effects of massage, which some of them are: Psychological Encourages the head and organic structure Concentration and watchfulness is frequently improved due to relaxation Emotional effusions Energy degrees are increased Addition in assurance and positive mentality Promotes a feeling of increased wellness and well-being Reduces emphasis degrees Increases the clients feeling of being cared for, supported and nurtured Physiological Aids general relaxation Stimulates blood circulation Helps better lymphatic flow Reduces muscular tenseness Layers of the tegument are stimulated which increases cellular map and regeneration of cells Reliefs stiffness in the cervix and shoulder ensuing in hurting alleviation Loosens scar tissue Warms the musculuss Nerve terminations are soothed and stimulated Aidss in peeling bettering the texture of the tegument Softens fatso sedimentations Helps cut down non medical puffiness Encourages deeper take a breathing to a more relaxed external respiration Effectss on the skeletal system Improves muscle tone and balance Reduces the physical emphasis placed on articulations and castanetss It helps to liberate adhesions Additions joint mobility, cut downing any thickener of the connective tissue Effectss on the Muscular system Reliefs muscular stringency, stiffness, limitations and cramps in the musculus tissue Additions flexibleness in the musculuss Additions blood circulation Reduces musculus weariness and tenderness Promotes rapid remotion of waste and toxins from the musculus Effectss on the lymphatic system Reduces oedema Additions lymph drainage Strengthens the immune system Effectss on the Nervous system Stimulates centripetal receptors Reduces hurting by the release of endorphins Stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system Promotes relaxation Reduces emphasis Effectss on the cardiovascular system Improves circulation Dilates blood vass Produces an enhanced blood flow Helps temporarily diminish blood flow Decreases bosom rate due to relaxation Reduces ischaemia Effectss on the tegument Improves circulation Increased nutrition to the cells and encourages cell regeneration Additions production of perspiration from the perspiration secretory organs Improves snap on the tegument Additions sebum production Helps better the teguments colour Helps to better the teguments lissomeness and opposition to infection Effectss on the digestive system Additions vermiculation in the big bowel Helps to alleviate irregularity Promotes the activity of parasympathetic nervous system. Which stimulates digestion Effectss on the urinary system Additions circulation and lymph drainage from the tissues Effectss on the respiratory system Slows down the rate of respiration Improves lung capacity by loosen uping stringency in the respiratory musculuss Massage uses specific techniques such as effleurage, petrissage, working and tapotement ; these treat the soft tissues of the organic structure. Motions are chiefly towards the bosom so it can better blood and lymph circulation, every bit good as to cut down musculus tenseness and to promote flexibleness. The massage techniques have certain effects to the organic structure which are: Effleurage Comforting consequence on the nervousnesss including relaxation Additions both blood and lymph circulation Tension alleviation, loosen uping tense musculuss Helping peeling Petrissage Additions blood and lymph circulation Increases venous return Breaks down tenseness nodules Aidss relaxation Speeds up the remotion of waste merchandises Tapotement Aidss sulky clashs Tones and strengthens musculuss Helps loosen mucous secretion in thorax conditions Produces erethyma Stimulates nerve terminations Clashs Helps to interrupt down tight nodules Aidss in relaxation Additions lymph and blood flow Vibrations Clears and stimulates the nervousnesss tracts Reliefs tenseness in the cervix and dorsum Can assist increase the action of lungs Helps to increase vermiculation in the colon India In India massage therapy was licensed in March 1955 by the section of Ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and homoeopathy under the ministry of wellness and household public assistance. China In china many of the smaller massage parlors are foreparts for harlotry. These are called falangmei. Most types of massage are non regulated in China without the exclusion of some traditional Chinese medical specialty. Japan In Japan oil and Thai massage are non regulated but shiatsu massage is cocottes presenting as massage healers are reasonably common in the larger metropoliss ; they pose in manner wellness stores and pink salons. France In order to acquire a licence it requires three old ages of survey and two tests. South Korea In South Korea, merely visually- impaired and unsighted people can go accredited massage healers. New Zealand In New Zealand, massage is unregulated. The professional organic structure for massage healers and the enrollment at the remedial massage healer denotes competence in the pattern of remedial or orthopedic massage ; these are two degrees of enrollment of massage in New Zealand. Both degrees are defined by in agreement minimal hours and competences. Mexico Massage healers in Mexico combine massage utilizing oils or lotions, the healers are called †sob adores † and they are used to alleviate digestive jobs every bit good as back and articulatio genus hurting. Many of these healers work from the dorsum of a truck and in many parts of Mexico cocottes are allowed to sell sexual massage. This concern is frequently confined to a specific country of Mexico such as zonte norte. Client Care When you give a massage intervention to a client appropriate attention for that client involves sing all their demands associating to the massage. Client attention involves practical stairss you take to care for the client ‘s well- being before, during and after the intervention. A clean and unagitated ambiance will assist the client to experience more comfy and relaxed, and to besides concentrate on the individual acquiring a massage throughout the whole intervention. Client Modesty A client ‘s privateness and modestness must be respected at all times during and after the intervention. You need to merely expose the organic structure portion that gets treated one by one. Clients need privateness in which to undress, besides any notes made during and after the intervention must be locked up firmly afterwards. A audience must be done where no organic structure else can hear it. Client Confidentiality During a intervention anything the client says must be regarded and should non be discussed outside the intervention room or to any other healer. If advice is needed from another healer to come on clients needs so it should be understood from the other healer that it maintains the confidentiality other than that the clients permission is needed to make so. Health and safety The wellness and safety Torahs are designed to protect the healer and their clients and punishments for conflicting these Torahs can be terrible, therefore it is extremely of import that the healer high spots their duties and their rights. The wellness and safety at work act 1974 covers all facets of wellness, safety and public assistance at work. It indentifies the duties of the employers and employees. Employers are responsible for the wellness and safety to anyone who comes into their premises. They must supply a safe environment and personal protection. They must take sensible safeguards to protect the wellness and safety of themselves, co-workers and clients. Cite survey ; Massage eases Anxiety Karen J.Sherman, a senior research worker at the group wellness research institute ( 2010 ) states that on mean three months after having 10 massage interventions, patients had half the symptoms for anxiousness. Massage therapy is among the most popular complimentary and alternate medical intervention for anxiousness. A test began to asses how effectual massage is for patients with an anxiousness upset. The test was assigned 68 group wellness patients with a upset to Sessionss in a pleasant and restful environment. Massage healer ‘s delivered their interventions of massage or one of two control interventions. The massage interventions were designed to heighten the map of the nervous system and to alleviate symptoms of anxiousness including musculus tenseness. The control groups were relaxation and thermotherapy. Anxiety upset can be treated besides through medical specialty therapy which is medical and cost effectual. The benefits of massage may be due to a general relaxation response. The massage therapy reduces stress endocrines and epinephrine and increases the relaxation of alpha encephalon moving ridges and besides reduces anxiousness degrees where as the negative consequence is that massage is to be no more effectual than simple relaxation with comforting music. The results of this survey is that Massage easing anxiousness is seeking to turn out that it is n’t merely a massage that can assist with anxiousness ; there are other ways of assisting such as sitting in a unagitated environment listening to comforting music. It shows that massages decreases the symptoms of anxiousness and can besides be less expensive. How to cite Massage Therapy Proven Beneficial Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Patient Education and Counseling

Question: Describe a method for providing both the patient and family with education and explain your rationale. Answer: The case study is about a 76-year-old male with cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. He also has 4+ pitting edema and labored breathing. He has to take a lot of medicines and face difficulty in maintaining diet restrictions. Approach to the care of such patients will include giving them pharmacological, non-pharmacological and invasive strategies to reduce their manifestation of heart failure and edema. Such patients should encouraged to increase their physical activity and manage their body weight. A combination of lifestyle, diet and medicines changes is extremely useful to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease (Amarasingham et al., 2013). The treatment plan for the patient with lifestyles changes focuses on changing diet and lifestyle of patients. Sodium or salt is the reason for accumulation of excess fluid in the body. Therefore Mr. P will have to decrease the amount of salt in food to keep heart failure under control. The amount to be taken should be consulted by doctors. People with heart failure should also consume less than 2 liters of water. Such patients should always monitor their weight gain because gaining weight is a sign of more fluid retention in the body. Overweight person heart works harder to supply blood and oxygen to different parts of the body. So maintaining weight is crucial to reducing manifestation of heart failure. The patient should also quit smoking and avoid alcohol as it also creates a risk of heart attack. Cardiac rehab and exercising are helpful in improving the fitness of cardiovascular system and heart failure. In a case of management of medicine Mr. P, a diuretic is essential to get r id of excess dietary fluid. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, beta-blocker and angiotensin receptor blocker reduces symptoms of heart failure by widening blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. To control abnormal heart rhythms, implantable cardioverter defibrillator device is used to give shock and bring heart to its normal rhythm. In the case of severe patients, heart valve surgery or coronary artery angioplasty is recommended (McMurray et al., 2012). Proper teaching method is necessary to manage heart failure. Early intervention is needed to reduce symptoms, improve the quality of life, minimize the rate of hospitalization and reduce medical cost. Therefore teaching method will include counseling patients and family member, promoting an integrated approach to care by timely assessment and management, encouraging compliance with the treatment regimen and facilitating implementation of an outpatient model of health care delivery (Jaarsma et al., 2013). This section is about teaching plan for managing heart failure. Patients wife should be educated on strictly minimizing sodium in Mr. P's diet, and she should also educate on why it is necessary to take this step. Self-care and family support is essential to keep patient positive during the treatment procedure. Mr. P and his wife should be made aware that if Mr. P restricts fluid and sodium intake in their diet, monitors weight daily, performs exercise and reduce medications, then they can minimize the risk of hospitalization. Following strict treatment, the regimen will reduce the morbidity and also minimize the cost associated with treatment. Patient and family members should be educated on how to identify signs and symptoms of heart failure such as edema, weight gain, fatigue, and dyspnea. Medication routine should be presented in a schematic way, and they should be made aware of medicines, their precise dose, schedule and specific side effects (Moser et al., 2012). Reference Amarasingham, R., Patel, P. C., Toto, K., Nelson, L. L., Swanson, T. S., Moore, B. J., ... Drazner, M. H. (2013). Allocating scarce resources in real-time to reduce heart failure readmissions: a prospective, controlled study.BMJ quality safety,22(12), 998-1005. Jaarsma, T., Strmberg, A., Gal, T. B., Cameron, J., Driscoll, A., Duengen, H. D., ... Kberich, S. (2013). Comparison of self-care behaviors of heart failure patients in 15 countries worldwide.Patient education and counseling,92(1), 114-120. McMurray, J. J., Adamopoulos, S., Anker, S. D., Auricchio, A., Bhm, M., Dickstein, K., ... Jaarsma, T. (2012). ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012.European journal of heart failure,14(8), 803-869. Moser, D. K., Dickson, V., Jaarsma, T., Lee, C., Stromberg, A., Riegel, B. (2012). Role of self-care in the patient with heart failure.Current cardiology reports,14(3), 265-275.

The History of the ACT Test

The History of the ACT Test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How did the ACT get started? And how did it become the test it is today? Read on to learn more about ACT history, its successes and failures, and how things might change for it in the future. Early Days In 1959, an education professor at the University of Iowa named Everett Franklin Lindquist developed the ACT as a competitor for the SAT, which had been around for about 20 years as a mainstream college admissions test. The ACT originally stood for American College Test and wasbased off of the Iowa Tests of Educational Development.The goal for the ACT as an alternative to the SAT was that it wouldn’t just test cognitive reasoning; it would test information actually learned in school.It was the first standardized test to include a science section.It was also more focused on identifying strengths and weaknesses to guide student placement rather than determining cognitive reasoning strength across the board like the SAT. The first ACT was administered to 75,460 students in 1959.The original sections were English, Mathematics, Social Studies, and Natural Sciences, with 45 minutes for each section and scores on a scale of 0-36.It gained popularity as a college admissions exam in the central and midwestern US where the SAT had not yet established its dominion.In fact, part of the purpose of the ACT was to provide other colleges and public universities with an admissions exam to use since the SAT was only used by selective institutions in the northeast. By 1972, the number of students taking the ACT had grown to over a million! Changes In 1989, the â€Å"enhanced ACT† was released, bringing us nearly up to speed with the current version of the test that we all know and love. The Natural Sciencesection was replaced with Science Reasoning.This was a move towards de-emphasizing specific scientific knowledge and insteadjust testing core analytical and problem-solving skills. Social Studieswas also replaced with Reading.This was when the Reading section really moved closer to the SAT.The Social Studies section had tested specific information about US History, whereas the new Reading section was only supposed to test pure reading ability and comprehension. There were also some changes to the Math and English sections. In math, trigonometry and pre-algebra were added as topics. In english, the test began to focus less on grammar and more on writing skills like coherent organization of thoughts. Scores from the old test to the new test were not directly comparable. On the new test, average composite scores rose two points, and the range of scores became 1-36 rather than 0-36. After this big change, some minor changes continued to be implemented. In 1996, the ACT redefined its name so the letters no longer stood for anything, and in2005, the ACT added an optional Writing section (a 30 minute essay) so that it could more directly compete with the essay requirement on the SAT. Starting in 2015, the format of the essay was changed slightly. Students are now given 40 minutes to write, and the Writing section is scored out of 36 rather than out of 12. Prompts deal with how students interpret big changes that are going on in the world, opening up the essay to a broader focus than previous prompts that focused on issues specifically related to high school. The ACT has now surpassed the SAT as the most popular college admissions test. Successes and Failures of the ACT The ACT today has many of the same problems as the SAT in terms of the achievement gap between minority/low-income students and white/high-income students.The percent difference between black and white students meeting the ACT’s benchmarks for college readiness across subjects ranges from 35-42%. According to the chart below, the percentage of African American students passing 3 or more ACT benchmarks lingers around 10%, whereas for white students it’s about 50% and for Asian students it’s almost 60%. The ACT, just like the SAT, has had little success in terms of leveling the playing field between races and income levels and creating an objective test. The ACT does seem to have recognized that this battle needs to be fought at a lower level in education.Many students who do poorly on the test are victims of years of subpar learning experiences.ACT Aspire is a system created by the ACT to track students from a young age based on Common Core standards to make sure they are reaching appropriate goals.So far, however, it has not had a very broad reach. The ACT overall does have much more straightforwardness and consistency in its testing model than the SAT, which makes it a better option for many students.Some people might argue that it’s a fairer test, and it's definitely less tricky in a lot of ways. However,it still hasn’t overcome the achievement gap.The ACT may be less entrenched in notions of elitism than the SAT, but it still contributes to the same problematic systems. ACT, Inc.: Non-Profit? It’s tempting to think of the ACT as a lovable underdog that overcame all odds to beat the snobby SAT in the college admissions test market. However,ACT, Inc. has almost as many issues with its supposed non-profit status as the College Board. In 2009, the CEO of ACT, Inc. was compensated over a million dollars.Just like the College Board, ACT, Inc. pays its executives at levels that are much higher than the average for most nonprofits.ACT, Inc. also sells test prep materials for its exams to increase revenue.The goal of the ACT is the same as that of the College Board: get as many people to buy into their tests and programs as possible. The ACT has surpassed the SAT as the most prevalent admissions test, so it has been pretty successful with this goal.Still, it may have to play catch up again after the SAT revamps its test model in 2016.The new SAT is going to be more similar to the ACT (less confusing question phrasing, trigonometry in the math section) so it should be interesting to see which one ends up dominating the market. Overview The ACT was created in 1959 as competition for the SAT.It was supposed to be an achievement test that dealt with content learned in school rather than just cognitive reasoning skills.However, it moved closer to the SAT as time went on, especially when the Science and Reading sections were created in 1989. The ACT has similar problems to the SAT in terms of the achievement gap and its questionable non-profit status.Even though it is often thought of as a fairer and less confusing alternative to the SAT, it’s really a pretty similar test at this point. It’s possible that the release of the new SAT and increased pressure from colleges for a more reliable performance assessment will catalyze changes to the ACT.Hopefully we're getting closer to creating assessments that are both fair to students and reliable as higher education standards. What's Next? Wondering whether you should take the ACT over the SAT? Check out these comparison charts to see the differences between them. If you want to try your hand at an ACT practice test, here's a link to some free full tests! You should also take a look at this list of test dates for the upcoming school year so you can start thinking about when to register for the ACT. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

How to Get a Job in Any Field By Humanizing Yourself

How to Get a Job in Any Field By Humanizing Yourself Sometimes the job hunt can feel like a numbers game: the average job search takes 43 days†¦92% of recruiters use social media†¦the average resume gets 6 seconds of attention. And our current obsession with data-driven decisions doesn’t stop there. We’re all walking, talking data points. But even though we’re up against numbers, don’t forget that there’s a human element to resumes: they’re written and read by humans (uh, after they make it through the automated keyword parsing systems, that is). And as such, there’s a huge mental game component to resumes: who’s reading this, and what will make them remember me? How can I present myself as a feeling, thinking, interesting person perfect for the job? Here is your guide on how to get a job by accomplish this.Pre-Game: Psych Yourself UpBefore you even write your resume, it’s important to get yourself into shape for this mental game. It sounds a little goofy, I know, but the more confident and winner-ish you feel going into the job search Olympics, the better you’ll feel about the whole thing. Now, you could start going to bed early and rising at 4:30 a.m. for sunrise jogs across town, but that kind of training isn’t necessary here (unless you’re applying for the actual Olympics). It’s more about adjusting your mindset and getting your plan in order so you can feel good about what you’re sending out.Set up the game.Thinking of your job search as a game is more than just a distraction- it can help you focus more on a successful outcome, believe it or not. It can be as easy as naming your goal, and setting personal rewards for making progress toward that goal (milestones). Maybe you give yourself bonus points along the way for doing well in an interview, or getting a call or email response for a resume you submit online.Think long game, not sudden death.Think of your job search as a long process, with every step and challenge along the way as progress toward an eventual win. If your goal is to find a job within 6 months, don’t get frustrated if your first few promising opportunities don’t pan out. Take it as an extended training exercise, where you get to practice honing your resume and interview skills.Concentrate on the present.You can’t control what happens in the future, and shouldn’t dwell on what happened before. There’s only the present and what you can do in it. So while you can reflect on the past to learn from it, and think about what your goals are in the future, it’s most important to concentrate on your present, and what you need to be doing right now to make sure you make progress.Remember that you have choices.Part of envisioning your job search as a mental game is remembering that as a player, you have options- plays to make, pieces to move. Nobody else is doing that for you. That puts all of the power in your hands to make this job search something that represents you, and your best abilities.It also helps if you feel stuck. If your career goal feels far away because you’re missing something (experience, the right network, etc.), what can you do to change that in the short term? There could be many ways to get to your goal, if you keep your thinking flexible. You can take a class to get more expertise. You could start trying to link up with movers and shakers on social media, or look for special networking events in your industry. Waiting around for things to happen to you is rarely a winning strategy.Game Time: Revamping Your ResumeIt’s time to play offense in the mental game, and that means working with your resume itself and prepping your application package. Here are 7 strategies you can use to try to reach the real person on the other end (recruiter, HR professional, hiring manager).Find a teammate.As you get started tailoring your resume for a particular job opening, try to network with so meone already at the company where you’re applying. Not in, like, a creepy and ingratiating way so you can drop their name in an interview, but in a â€Å"hey, I’m applying to your company’s marketing department and I’d love to have a chat about what it’s like to work there† way.You can also ask this person for feedback on your resume- e.g. does my resume match the company culture? It may not be a lifelong friendship, but if you find someone willing to be your networking buddy, it can give you good insight into what kind of people this place hires. And if this small request for a few minutes of insight opens the door to a word in the right ear or an introduction, then you definitely owe this person a beverage of their choosing to celebrate this new friendship.Quantity in addition to quality.If you have numbers to back up any point on your resume, use them! For example:Instead of: â€Å"Saved the company money by switching vendors†Try: â€Å"Coordinated a vendor change that saved 8% on office supplies in 2015.†Instead of: â€Å"Mentored new hires†Try: â€Å"Mentored 16-20 new hires per year.†Instead of: â€Å"Organized a fundraiser†Try: â€Å"Spearheaded an event that raised $12,000 from 250 participants†Don’t be afraid to be quirky†¦within reason.There’s not much leeway for jokes within your resume, because you want to present yourself as a genuine, serious candidate. But you can show some of your personality if you include your interests. This can catch the reader’s eye, and help them set you apart in their head as they sift through candidate resumes.For example, if your skills include being a world-class fly fisherperson, add it. If you won your company’s bake-off over 30 other people (true story!), list it along with any other awards. Little bits like this, used sparingly, can really sparkle in an otherwise straightforward resume- and again, you want to make yourself memorable to the person reading, kind of like a mnemonic device you set off in his or her head. â€Å"The pie guy- I liked him!† could get you to the next level.Don’t use fancy fonts or visual tricks.This one might run counter to the kinds of psychological trickery you might expect†¦after all, you want to stand out, right? Red Comic Sans might be the way to do that. Except it’s not. For one thing, your carefully chosen visual stunnery might be for naught if your resume translates through their system as plain text. Also, you run the real risk of an eye roll and being remembered for the wrong reasons. So you should try to stand out within the system, rather than showing what a rebel you are (design-wise).Follow the Rule of Seven.Jon Youshaei of Forbes recommends adapting the old â€Å"Rule of Seven† marketing policy, where your customer needs to hear your product name or message seven times before it really sinks in. You can use it here to create a kind of subliminal messaging. If you go to the company’s website and read it’s mission statement/About Us section, find buzzwords that are clearly important to the company, and use them (or variations on them) seven times in your resume. It should be done pretty subtly, though†¦you don’t want the reader to feel like he or she’s just reading the same thing over and over.For example, if the company puts a high priority on its status as an innovator, make sure to sprinkle in words like â€Å"changed,† â€Å"disrupted,† â€Å"modernized,† etc. throughout the resume. These kinds of keywords may or may not curry favor with the automated digital reader, but the human one will likely pick up on subtle connections to the company.Align yourself with bigger brands.Name-dropping can be insufferable (as George Clooney and mentioned to me the other day) in everyday conversation, but if you use some big names in your res ume, it can help increase the impressiveness factor. For example, if the last company you worked for won an award or had a major client, try to (artfully) insert that information. â€Å"Arranged sponsorship from Pepsi, Foxwoods, and Toys ‘R Us.†Emphasize what you want them to see.If you’re a little thin on experience but have a ton of skills, use a top-loaded skills-based resume. If you want to emphasize your work with notable companies, put the experience first. If the company has a reputation for hiring grads from schools with good basketball programs, put your UConn education front and center. There’s no single format for a resume- you find the one that works best with what you’re working with and how you want to say it.Whether you do see the job application process as a data exercise (collecting all your professional data) or more of a psychological give-and-take between you and The System, you want to put in as much work as possible to get to y our goal. And either way, you’ll want to have your end zone dance ready for when you win the game, job offer in hand.

Coming to Live in a Foreign Country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Coming to Live in a Foreign Country - Essay Example I was very excited when I got admission in a United States College. Though I had hoped for it, however, for it to come true so easily was very exhilarating. I was glad that I had been granted this opportunity, both by the college’s board of admissions and by my family who supported my decision to go abroad for higher studies. The delight at felt at being able to be on my own, and that too in a foreign land was indescribable. I constantly made plans regarding how I would go about settling in once I reached the United States. I was essentially entering a new phase in my life and was very keen and enthusiastic about starting this chapter of my life. However, once I reached the United States, in fact as soon as I landed at the airport, I felt a strange sense of trepidation. Everything I saw and heard was new to me. All of a sudden I was surrounded by sights and sounds that were very unfamiliar. There were lots of people at the airport, in fact, it would be right to say that there was a throng of people at the airport, yet I felt completely and utterly alone. Out of all of these people around me, I knew nobody. What is more, nobody knew me. I felt like an outsider as if I somehow did not belong in this multitude of people. I was scared that this feeling of loneliness might get too much for me to bear, causing me to be unable to enjoy anything, but I was pleasantly surprised to find that that was not the case. All of a sudden, the feeling of anxiety was replaced by a sense of excitement. If I were essentially an outsider, then everything I was seeing was a new sight for me. I looked at everything I passed by closely. From the airport till I reached the college campus, I tried to absorb as much as I could. Everything seemed novel to me, even the simple and mundane things like air vents in buildings and how people had a different voice cadence in the United States than in Nigeria seemed to excite me. There was a sense of newness to everything. I noticed even dull and routine details around me and became excited over them. Though at first I only noticed the newness with an excited mindset, yet soon enough that excitement changed to trepidation. I simply had not taken to account the fact that there will be quite a lot of cultural gaps and cultural differences that I will have to cross. It is a given that all countries have their own set of norms and the adage of â€Å"when in Rome, do as the Romans do† entails that one follows local customs. I did not want to offend anyone for my lack of knowledge regarding local customs. Soon enough, though, I discovered that there were quite a bit of similarities between the two cultures of Nigeria and United States. I was still, however, afraid of offending others for my lack of understanding or knowledge regarding local culture. It was soon clear to me, though, that United States has a more relaxed approach towards following cultural norms and one can fit in without having to change or adapt much. Although that is true, nonetheless, I still looked forward to learning new things about the culture of the foreign land I found myself in. Perhaps it seems like my feelings were that of a child who is brought to a toy shop and told to go on an

THE WAR ON TERROR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

THE WAR ON TERROR - Essay Example This terrorism and war on terror is a direct outcome of America meddling into the business and affairs of other nations. Would it have been possible to avoid this kind of terrorism attacking us? When these attacks happen it is easy to put the onus on a few government or social departments. However when terror attacks of this scale happen then it is obvious that they are an outcome of years of meticulous planning. By the same logic blaming Federal Bureau of Investigation or Immigration and Naturalization Service was an easy way out of pinpointing the responsibility. However as stated earlier attack on America is an outcome of years of American intervention in the affairs of other nations and even failing to beef the security well within time. Posting guards at airports post the attacks was a reaction to the event. The more interesting question is what could have been done proactively to avoid the attacks. This clearly indicates that we did not look into the system weaknesses at our en d and rectify them well within time. It also means that someone whose idea could have been useful was rejected on the grounds of ulterior political aims and perceived to be confusing. For ex: Homeland security chief Tom Ridge introduced colour codes for levels of security risk. The colours changed from green to red as the level of security changed from low to high.

Opposing Models in Health Promotion

Opposing Models in Health Promotion HND Health, Diet Nutritional Studies – Unit Four INTRODUCTION Health promotion is provided by various organisations working together towards the same goal – overall health and wellbeing for everyone. It aims to prevent and reduce the risk of disease, manage illness, recovery and rehabilitation. Its objectives are to involve the public in their own quest for a healthier life through education and awareness, to improve services, support and continuity of care and provide a safe environment for people to live and work in with equal opportunities giving everyone the means to achieve, wherever possible, optimum health. We know children learn from parents and teachers but if parents fail to educate their children to make healthy choices at home in an informal setting, even if teachers do so to a preset curriculum in a formal setting, it may not happen. I recall a report on a TV news channel some years ago where Jaime Oliver introduced healthy meals in schools but the parents were against the idea so they squeezed Macdonald’s burgers to them through the school fence at lunchtime because that is the type of food they had grown to know. In social learning theory Albert Bandura suggests â€Å"behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning† (Bandura A. (1977)), we all know this to be true. Children often refuse vegetables etc when they are young but perseverance is a necessity if they are to receive the nutrients they require for a healthy, disease free life. According to the BBC Breakfast news this morning (31.05.14) researchers say that if a variety of foods are introduced to a child from a very early age and it is repeated at least ten times the child will grow up liking that particular food. Another story that springs to mind was when a friend’s husband claimed to be vegetarian, in reality as a child he could not be bothered to chew meat but his parents gave in to him and let him have what he wanted so his meals consisted mainly of egg and chips. How is it possible to teach children right from wrong when parents act this way?† The answer must be to educate them as well?† Health education and promotion requires repeatedly conveying the message to those at risk, through media advertising, health and welfare campaigns and organised frameworks to promote change. No smoking zones, for example, takes away the freedom to participate in harmful actions in public places making people stop and think about what they are doing to themselves and others. If people understand the consequences of their actions and believe that the changes will make a difference to them and those around them they are more likely to change their habits which in turn will reduce the associated social and economic costs. Making these practices illegal may sound like the individuals rights, liberty and freedom of movement are being taken away however the rights of their â€Å"victims† are of equal importance and it would be unethical for them to have to suffer as a consequence of another’s ignorance or selfishness e.g. second hand smoke or the cost of medical treatment for the driver of the vehicle injured as a result of an accident where he was not wearing a seatbelt. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION Researchers are constantly gathering information, from population surveys and health statistics etc, about people’s habits and behaviour, the environment they live in and how it affects them, their attitudes, where specific incidences are occurring, to whom and how often, they do not however, include ideas, opinions or the observations of the individual. This is known as quantitative research as it is deals with quantity i.e. the number of individuals affected and the causes contributing to health problems. Once collected the data can be divided into smaller categories e.g. demographic, lifestyle, education, ethnicity etc then used to identify where health promotion needs to be directed. This is an ongoing evaluation method with set criteria allowing statistical analysis and dissemination of informative data regarding the adequacy of service provision, number of incidences of certain diseases or where new trends are manifesting etc. and gives a â€Å"flavour† of a given situation at any one time. Other researchers gather data from healthcare facilities and charity organisations etc based on one to one or small group contact where people and things can be observed and where changes can be made, if necessary, to try to reach the desired outcome, this is known as qualitative data. Hospital wards, clinical trials etc record the effect and outcome of â€Å"tests†, their aim is to research holistically allowing results to be seen and patterns evaluated in the short term. Once the outcome of qualitative research has been determined the results can be built upon to further improve i.e. one thing can lead to another or the what if scenario, it has been seen where researchers look for a cure for one thing then stumble across another. Both these types of research are valuable in different ways e.g. for comparison or effect but can often be used together however, one important consideration before carrying out any research is that the researcher is competent in what his is aiming to achieve, that research will be carried out under a strict code of ethics and follows the legal guidelines laid down by the relevant authorities e.g. ensuring that there is no danger to the patient, he is fully informed about what to expect and that he is informed as to how the data will be utilised etc. HEALTH MODELS Individual Models By showing people the detrimental effects of unhealthy lifestyles versus the benefits of healthy lifestyles it is possible to change their views. They have to go through what is known as the â€Å"Stages of Change† (Prochaska J.O. DiClemente C.C. (1983)) whereby the individual has no wish or interest in changing (pre-contemplation) until an idea is sown in his mind, he begins to think about how he would benefit from change and realises the sense of it so decides to try (contemplation) he puts a plan into place (preparation). Day one arrives and he discontinues the habit (action), he is enthusiastic, he begins to see and feel the benefits encouraging him to continue (maintenance). At some stage he may falter so seeks help and support from others to keep him motivated during the difficult times. Intervention like this can come from many sources, often depending on the circumstances e.g. smokers decide they want to quit so they visit their local GP who prescribes a course of nic otine patches, he suggests contacting a local support group where individuals, who understand and have experienced the same situation, can advise and help him reach his goal and help prevent relapse, once a person sees that success is possible he will be motivated to continue. Some of the barriers encountered in changing behavioural habits are down to individual beliefs. If someone believes he is insusceptible to a particular disease, perhaps because no family member has been affected by it he is unlikely to feel threatened but if he sees a family member suffering he is more likely to want to avoid the disease himself. On the other hand, he sees someone living with a disease who looks fine he may do nothing, this could be because he may not fully understand or believe the severity of the disease to worry about it, but when that person dies he realises the implications and decides to take preventative action because he sees living longer is better than the alternative. Again the person may require help and support to maintain the new regime because without any visible signs it can seem pointless. Both of these models are similar in that they happen in stages, from pre-contemplation through to maintaining change, often without actually â€Å"seeing† immediate benefits and this is where continued reinforcement of the message is necessary. Individual and group methods are both effective ways for promoting health whether they are in supporting e.g. helping to overcome barriers and providing feedback or educating roles e.g. explaining and influencing ways to change behaviour but the main point is that the person must want to and believe he can change otherwise he will always find reasons not to try. Social and Community Models Promoting health in groups and communities relies on the collaboration of individuals to work towards the same goals within their particular environments where they can prepare for and react to situations that affect them all e.g. the recent flooding on the Somerset Levels brought everyone together to help strengthen barriers and limit damage to themselves and their properties. Their situation encompassed the social learning theory in that personal and environmental factors led to interaction by everyone affected to prevent further disaster and they came together on a community level to evaluate and plan effective strategies to solve and improve their situation. Together they organised themselves and put forward their ideas to government bodies responsible for keeping them safe and demanded policy changes to help prevent similar situations in the future along with financial funding for their loss of businesses and income. No single model or theory is better or worse it depends entirely on the particular situation e.g. the thoughts, feelings and beliefs of individuals or the structure, regulations and policies that exist in groups, organisations or communities. There are many other methods for communities and organisations to support, educate and effect positive change e.g. mother and toddler groups, wellness centres, school and workplace participation programmes, social networking etc. where peer and professional knowledge can be exchanged and support provided. CONCLUSION Many years may pass before we can confirm whether health education and promotion has helped us reach our goals because the outcomes will not be immediately apparent e.g. mortality rates due to obesity or the recent flood disasters however, we can measure if our objectives are being met through quantifying whether people have learned from the messages being conveyed by e.g. evaluating their lifestyle changes; are there fewer deaths due to heart attack or stroke? Are people safe in their environment? Has public policy changed to address the floodwater problem so that lives or property are not again put at risk in the event of heavy rains and have the measures proved satisfactory? We must carryon educating people about the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, continue research and development and anticipate future problems in order to reduce these leeches on our society and utilise the funding in a better more rewarding way. TASK 2 INTRODUCTION Health education and promotion helps people to take control of and improve their own health and wellbeing. The idea is to teach people how to prevent disease and make improvements to attain that (primary level), to understand and manage current illnesses and aid recovery and rehabilitation (secondary level) and in the case of the terminally ill to help them and their families cope with the illness and provide counselling and care services that will alleviate some of the strain (tertiary level). Health education and promotion not only deals with illness but attempts to ensure that all factors relating to overall health and wellbeing are being achieved e.g. an end to poverty. Health education and promotion can be passed on formally or informally through a variety of sources e.g. schools, workplaces, NHS services, charities or voluntary organisations. HEALTH PROMOTION AND EDUCATION Teachers convey messages in a formal way by following a preset curriculum and involving students in the learning and practice with measured outcomes e.g. teaching children road safety. In the 1960’s The Society for the Prevention of Accidents â€Å"invented† a squirrel character, named Tufty, to help teach children road safety. It became so popular that there were 24,500 Tufty Clubs formed in the UK during that decade (http://www.rospa.com/about/history/tufty.aspx). Certificates and badges were awarded to children after they successfully completed the course, I will always remember the slogan (and the lesson) from those school days. A voluntary organisation known as Hope UK (http://www.hopeuk.org) train volunteers to educate and promote the dangers of drug, alcohol and smoking addiction to all ages. Their training techniques are planned to appeal to different ages of society so volunteers attend school assemblies or youth clubs to relay their message in a fun, interesting and interactive way while adults may be taught in an informative way highlighting signs and symptoms etc. followed by a QA session. Informing parents and teachers of the pitfalls of addictions, or whatever the subject may be, can strengthen the understanding of children and young people when they ask them informal questions. Sometimes it can work the other way e.g. if a child learns at school that smoking is bad for you and can affect other people he may then relay that message to a parent who is a smoker and this has been seen to make the parent stop to think about the damage it is doing to himself and his children and decide to give it up. Schools, workplaces and hospitals are all being encouraged to offer balanced, healthy meals in their eateries and introduce a variety of social activities to help people keep moving. I watched a television programme recently where they were testing a new invention where a school or office desk can be raised so that the operator can work alternately sitting or standing as sitting for long periods is known to be detrimental to health; research and innovation I believe it is called. It is becoming more and more fashionable nowadays to eat well and exercise more and a prime example of this is the number of sales Jamie Oliver has achieved with his books on 15 and 30 minute meals and his new one â€Å"Save with Jamie†, written in response to popular demand, which is aimed at eating healthily on a budget. We own two of these at home, we did not buy them because we do not know what to eat, but the inspiration and ideas they provide and the speed in which meals can be prepared as well as the pre-calculated nutritional balance has the hard work done for you. Celebrities are often advertising their exercise DVDs, endorsing exercise equipment and taking part in charity sporting events to encourage followers to take part. These are examples of health education and promotion aimed at prevention and improvement but there are people who are currently suffering and recovering from disease and illness who also need educating in its management and ways of reducing further risk. To do this we must ensure they are aware of how and why these diseases occur and what can be done to help them during its course while securing funding to enable further treatment research to help eliminate them altogether e.g. Cancer and Alcoholism. Most people will have seen the advertising campaigns for Drink Awareness and the fund raising campaign â€Å"Race for Life† (raceforlife.cancerresearchuk.org) held each year in support of Cancer Research UK. The NHS and many charities are continually drumming into people what signs and symptoms to regularly check for e.g. breast or testicular lumps or sexual dysfunction and advising them where to go for screening and advice, the sooner these signs are detected the better chance th ere is of survival. Practically every week of the year there is an awareness campaign for one or more disease or illness that can affect anyone. Terminally ill people will require care of some description as will their families who can also suffer indirectly due to the situation. Either of these parties may need to talk to someone about it, terminally ill people can become depressed while their families find it difficult to get through their lives due to the strain and heartache, just having someone to listen can help immensely. There are many organisations that can help e.g. The Macmillan Cancer Support (www.macmillan.org.uk) can arrange to give families a â€Å"holiday† from caring for their sick family member to providing assistance and support for the families themselves. Others may join an informal support group where they can discuss how their illness, or that of a family member, is affecting them, their fears for when they are gone or how their passing will affect their family, this can give a great deal of comfort and support as it is sharing the experiences with people who are in the same situation. CONCLUSION The fact that people’s habits are steadilly changing shows that health promotion is working however, there is a long way to go before everyone is â€Å"on board†. Changing the views of people still in the pre-contemplation stage is probably the most difficult hurdle to cross but on the same token the more people that change the more the others will begin to face it which might be enough itself so getting to as many as possible, whether formally or informally, can only do more good in the long run. REFERENCES Bandura A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. New York: General Learning Press. Prochaska J.O. DiClemente C.C. (1983). Stages and processes of self change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390 395. http://www.rospa.com/about/history/tufty.aspx Tufty Club (Online) (Accessed 25.06.14) (http://www.hopeuk.org) (Online) (Accessed 22.05.14) http://raceforlife.cancerresearchuk.org/index.html Race For Life Cancer Research UK(Online) (Accessed 22.05.14) http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Home.aspx We are Macmillan Cancer Support (Online) (Accesssed 24.05.14)

Entrepreneur Biography – Walt Disney

Kenneth Uy 500438690 Entrepreneur’s Biography – Walt Disney Childhood Walter Elias Disney, commonly referred to as Walt Disney, was born on December 5th, 1901 in Chicago, Illinois (Walt Disney Family Museum, 2012). His father Elias Disney was an Irish-Canadian and his mother, Flora Disney, was of German and English descent. His family settled in a village known as Norton Disney in the country of Lincolnshire at the time of birth (Disney, 2000). At the age of four, Disney and his family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, which is where he developed his love for drawing.At the time he paid a retired Doctor by the name of â€Å"Doc† Sherwood to produce images of his horse, Rupert. Later on his interest grew to train development in Marceline, specifically the Topeka and Santa Fe Railway where his uncle Michael Martin was the engineer (Disney, 2000). Four years later, the Disney’s moved to Kansas City where Walt Disney attended the Benton Grammar School. I n school Walt Disney met Walter Pfeiffer who introduced him to the world of vaudeville and motion pictures (Disney, 2000). He continued to emerge himself in art and filmography as he attended courses at the Kansas City Art Institute and went to Electric Park.Adulthood At age 22 Walt Disney left Kansas City and made his way into Hollywood regardless of his insufficient money and materials. With the help of his brother Roy Disney they were able to use their resources and construct a camera to film in their uncles garage. Shortly they received an order from New York to produce the film â€Å"Alice Comedy† and began production (IMDb, 2010). In 1925, Walt married Lillian Bounds, one of his employees, in Lewiston, Idaho and had two daughters named Diane and Sharon Disney (Disney, 2000).Three years had passed and the infamous Mickey Mouse was first portrayed in the silent cartoon â€Å"Plane Crazy† but made his debut in â€Å"Steamboat Willie† which is known as the wor ld’s first fully synchronized sound cartoon. The production Mickey Mouse was the first milestone that began Walt Disney’s progression (Disney, 2000). Soon after, he began the production of full-length animated cartoon that contributed his launch to succession. By the time 1955 had arrive the entire globe had been entertained by Walt Disney’s creations especially with his television programming like â€Å"The Mickey Mouse Club† â€Å"Zorro† and Wonderful World of Color†.On December 15, 1966 Walt Disney had died from Lung Cancer (WDFM, 2012). Education Walt Disney began his early education when he attended Benton Grammar School where he recognizes his ability to draw. Once the family moved to Chicago in 1917, Disney attended McKinley High School in his freshman year and took night courses at the Chicago Art Institute. He returned to Kansas City after a year to begin working as a graphic artist, therefore, Disney had a total of 9 years of formal education (Disney, 2000). Family Walt Disney had a father named Elias Disney and a mother named Flora Disney.He has three brothers Herbert, Raymond, Roy, and Walter. And a sister named Ruth Disney. When he married Lillian Bounds in 1925 they conceived a girl by the name of Diane Disney and adopted a girl named Sharon Disney (IMDb, 2010). Diane married Ron Miller who was former president and chief executive of Walt Disney Productions; and Sharon served as a member of Disney Board of Directors (Disney, 2000) Work Experience As a high school dropout in 1917, Walt Disney tried to join the army but was rejected at the age of 16 for being too young (IMDb, 2010).He then joined the Red Cross for a year as an ambulance driver. Upon his arrival back, he had difficulty finding work as an artist or even as an ambulance driver. He then found temporary work at an Art Studio creating advertisements for newspapers, magazines and movie theatres. He also met his first start-up partner Ubbe Iwerks. F inally, he worked for Kansas City Film Ad Company where he learned all about animation and decided to become an animator (Gabler, 2006). Past Startup Background Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists† was founded in January 1920 after Walt and Ubbe decided to start their own company (Gabler, 20006). Their company however was a failure and both started to work in animation at the Kansas City Film Ad Company. After learning all about animation, he pursued another start-up with another co-worker Fred Harman. This time he created an animation business and started screening cartoon’s titled â€Å"Laugh-O-Grams† in a local theatre. Following their success, Disney acquired Laugh-O-Gram studios, which soon went bankrupt due to Walt’s poor financial management.Later that year, Walt and his Brother Roy opened Disney Brothers’ Studio in Hollywood, California (WDFM, 2012). He then started selling his produced cartoons to a New York distributor that was a huge success . Everything was going well until Disney found out that his client had hired Walt’s animators under contract and took the rights to his most popular animated characters (Gabler, 2006). Motivation of Startup After losing everything, Walt and Ubbe decided to create another cartoon character now known as Mickey.After creating a series of short cartoons Mickey became the world’s most popular cartoon character in the 1930s. Walt created his first full-length animated musical feature in the production of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† which exceeded over $1,400,000 in profit (IMDb, 2010). Throughout 1937-1947 he continued to create full-length movies such as â€Å"Pinocchio†, â€Å"Fantasia†, â€Å"Dumbo†, and â€Å"Bambi†. Following his cartoon success, Walt thought it was possible to pursue his dream in creating a theme park and which is now Disneyland.After being rejected approximately 302 times (Cool Pup, 2012) for financing the park, he finally got approved and his venture would allow him to acquire ABC and open his second successful theme park, Disneyworld (JustDisney, 2003). The Walt Disney Company now has approximately 156,000 employees and had almost $41 billion in revenue the previous year (WDFM, 2012). Section 2 Stevenson’s Entrepreneurial Perspective on Walt Disney Note: This section pertains to Walt Disney while he had an influence on the Walt Disney Company until his death in 1966 and not the company at its current state.Strategic Orientation Strategic orientation is defined by Stevenson to be how one formulates strategy (2006). He mentions two styles: Promoter and Trustee and contrasts the two by describing the first as opportunity-driven and the latter as resource-driven. Walt Disney demonstrated many entrepreneurial traits throughout his animation business ventures. Even while working for other ad companies, he always ended up making his own company. I believe Walt Disney’s strat egic orientation strongly reflects that of a promoter.Walt always pursued opportunities in entertainment because while Walt was producing still-cartoons at a previous job, he saw a bigger opportunity in animation and continued to pursue such opportunities as shown in his many transitions in the industry. He then started making short-film cartoons leading him to open his own animation business and acquire a studio (Gabler, 2006). He then saw opportunities by creating full-length feature films and even in creating his own theme park. Stevenson also states that a promoter’s fundamental task is to require the resources to pursue the opportunity.Walt Disney never gave up on Disneyland and was rumored to have been rejected financing for the theme park over 300 times (Cool Pup, 2012) until he struck a deal with ABC who agreed to help finance the park (JustDisney, 2003). He achieved his task and was driven to succeed in his financing. Walt can also be justified as a promoter because he operates in an industry with diminishing opportunity streams. Before his cartoon Mickey Mouse became a famous icon, Walt Disney constantly produced new characters and films to build his company’s reputation. Commitment to OpportunityStevenson’s next concept is described as a person’s willingness to act (2006). Promoters are action-oriented and willing to act in short-time periods to chase their opportunities. He describes promoters to be action-oriented and have heavy involvement in risk management. Conversely, commitment for trustees is often time-consuming and usually takes a longer period of time. Through Walt’s journey we saw him deviate his concentration to many different forms of entertainment. He seemed to be involved with many cartoon characters until the creation of Mickey Mouse that lead to his huge success (IMDb, 2010).Walt’s ventures with his cartoons lead him to movies, television and the creation of the world’s most popular theme park. This revolutionary array of ventures reveals Disney’s commitment to opportunity as a promoter. He remained very action oriented in ensuring that he would follow through until his cartoons succeeded. As well, he was heavily involved in the risk management of his company because nobody was willing to invest in his Disneyland (JustDisney, 2003). He financed a lot of the park through the company and the other half through ABC and was determined to make the park succeed.With the park’s success, Disney had already made plans to commit construction for another one in Florida. His commitment to opportunity attributed largely to his company’s success. Commitment of Resources When it comes to the attainment of resources, Stevenson says that promoters go through many stages of resource commitment with the goal of minimizing resources (2006). On the other hand, trustees will commit upon a larger-scale after careful analysis and single stage commitment. In relati on to Walt, a lot of his projects underwent a series of funding.In his early career as an artist and animator, he had to find a distributor for all his productions (Gabler, 2006) since he could never totally finance his business unless he was selling cartoons. Even after the company’s success and Walter won his first academy award for his creation of Mickey Mouse, when the company transitioned to make its first feature-length film â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† the studio ran out of money (Gabler, 2006). Since there were no formal venture capitalist groups at the time, the only way Walt could raise money was through loans.Eventually the movie would become the largest grossing film of the year (IMDb, 2010). The company went through many stages of funding to finance its various other projects. Similar to Snow White, Disneyland was funded in a similar manner where Walter would seek another loan to cover the costs of creating Disneyland (JustDisney, 2003). His jour ney through the resource commitment process mirrors promoter behaviour because he only sought funding when he needed it at multiple stages. Due to unpredictable resource needs and varied studio costs from film development, from a financial perspective Disney’s company was very chaotic.Control of Resources The use of resources in an organization plays a pivotal role in determining a company’s success. Stevenson describes promoters to only be concerned with their ability to use a resource while trustees seek to control their resources by attaining full ownership (2006). When it comes to the animation business, ownership plays a key role in everyday operations. When Disney lost the rights to one of his most successful characters â€Å"Felix the Cat† (Gabler, 2006), Walt found himself at a standstill.From that moment onward, Walt made sure to maintain full ownership on all his company’s future productions in order to preserve his business and avoid future leg al conflicts. Due to the nature of the business, Walt relied heavily on his staff and had to employ full-time animators who could consistently produce the high quality entertainment the company was known for. As well, in order to make Disneyland and Disneyworld, the company needed to purchase large amounts of land (Gabler, 2006).A promoter style of management does not suit the Walt Disney Company for this section because Walt himself influenced so much of the company and could only have done so through ownership of all his resources. Therefore, Mr. Disney favored the administrative domain because of factors such as power and coordination. Having complete ownership and influence was essential to Disney in order to make sure his vision became a reality. His coordination was also important because it ensured he could take action without further approval from other partners.Management Structures Stevenson’s views on management place relationships at the core of every structure. P romoters rely on receiving valuable information for key actors while trustees rely on formal relationships within the company based on detailed rights and responsibilities. Trustee management is the only applicable management structure for the Walt Disney Company (2006). He states, â€Å"Only in systems where the relationship with resources is based on ownership or employment can resources be organized in a hierarchy† (Stevenson, 2006).With the company’s heavy emphasis on ownership on its productions and land as previously addressed, it is only appropriate that structure is required to delegate roles and responsibilities within the company. Walt’s company demonstrated many things that favour trustee management, the first being the need for clearly defined authority and responsibility and the next to be organizational culture. As the company increased in size, in order to ensure Walt could influence every level of management, there needed to be a formalized hiera rchy common in many large corporations.Walt worked closely with his animators to ensure the company’s productions were under his direct approval (Gabler, 2006). Operating a large company also requires organizational culture because work needs to be formulated into a routine for employees to work within. Reward Philosophy When it comes to rewarding an organization’s employees, Stevenson finds that promoters reward employees based on their contribution and harvesting of value (2006). Investors and owners of the business want to generate returns to ensure they get their money back.Since performance is crucial in determining the success or failure of a start-up, key employees who help generate this value are usually rewarded on their performance. Trustee style management differs because compensation is usually pre-determined because of assigned responsibilities with the exception of small bonuses and promotions (Stevenson, 2006). Walt Disney maintained promoter behaviour b ecause a lot of his employees such as the staff at his studio were hired on salary with bonuses of 20% of profits for the short cartoons (Hill, 2004).At the time, Disney was considered to have the highest paid workers with the best working conditions. Disney embodied the promoter style of management because of factors such as individual expectations and competition. After the success of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs†, Walt was known to have made â€Å"salary adjustments† to animators who he felt did exceptional work (Hill, 2004). As well, Disney strategically offered the best wages and working conditions in order to maintain its talent and attract more talent in a highly competitive industry. Section 3Recommendations for Walt Disney and The Walt Disney Company It is hard make comments and recommendations for one of the greatest and most ambitious entrepreneurs of all time but there a few things I would like to address in areas where I feel could have been handl ed differently. Although Disney operated in a completely different time period of more than 50 years ago, I will do my best to acknowledge the time period and his situation. 1. During the release of his first feature film â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† and his change to the reward policy, the strike of his whole nimation staff could have put his business into financial hardship. In order to avoid situations like these, Disney should have reported or at the very least consulted with HR professionals on a better payment plan to reward employees during successful productions, and also support employees adequately through financial hardship as experienced in World War 2. Because his employees are crucial to the operation of the business, risky financial moves can have extreme and immediate effects on the company’s future. 2. The company found itself out of funds several times due to poor financial management.As previously mentioned, the company went bankrupt during the production of â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† and it also did not have enough funds to complete Disneyland on its own. Although the company succeeded in both ventures, I believe that Walt Disney was poor at managing the company’s funds. In his earliest of animation days, his Laugh-O-Gram studios also went bankrupt as a result of overpaying his employees. He also tried to negotiate a price increase on his contract that actually resulted in termination of the contract, the loss of his production â€Å"Alice Comedies† and even most of his animation staff.He again was close to bankrupt and might have stayed that way had it not been for the creation his iconic â€Å"Mickey Mouse†. I believe that if there were a person with more financial experience and knowledge similar to the modern day equivalent to a Chief Financial Officer, he would have not reached such plateaus. As well if he had stronger legal advisors, he could have probably earned the righ ts back to his character and staff or at least won a settlement.While CFOs and law firms aren’t as readily available back then as they were today, I believe one thing that Disney lacked was his ability to have a reliable and knowledgeable management team that could have saved him a lot of hardship. Walt Disney is a remarkable man whose life work influenced the way people viewed imagination. His life dedication to providing entertainment was what helped him reach an entrepreneurial pinnacle. Arising from all failures and demonstrating a life committed to fulfilling his life goals lead him to be one of the most influential entrepreneurs of all time.References Cool Pup. (2012). Disneyland. In  Daily Celebrations. Retrieved November 5, 2012, from http://www. dailycelebrations. com/071799. htm Gabler, N. (2006). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. IMDb. (2010). Walt Disney Biography. In  IMDb. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://www. imdb. com/name/nm0000 370/bio Hill, J. (2004, June). Another look backat the 1941 Disney Studio Strike. In  Jim Hill Media. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://jimhillmedia. com/alumni1/b/wade_sampson/archive/2004/06/07/1204. aspx#. UJqz-Gl25YQ JustDisney. 2003). Disneyland's History. In  Disneyland History. Retrieved November 7, 2012, from http://www. justdisney. com/disneyland/history. html Stevenson, H. H. (2006, April 13). A Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Harvard Business School,  9(131), 1-12. The Walt Disney Family Museum. (2012). About Walt Disney. In  Timeline. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from http://www. waltdisney. com/timeline#41 Walt Disney. (2000). In  Walt Disney Biography. Retrieved November 5, 2012, from http://www. norsknettskole. no/fag/ressurser/itstud/fuv/gunnargrodal/bio. htm